最新高考英语阅读理解做题策略(完整版)

第一讲 阅读理解题常见设题点

（一）针对特殊句式设题，如定语从句，强调句型，否定转移，部分否定、比较结构等： 1. （2013湖北）When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen„.

At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.

All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.

（定语从句）What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary? A. A dull night on the journey.

B. The beauty of the great valley. C. A striking quotation from a book. D. Her concerns for future generations.

解析：句意为：直到这时，我才懂得在那一刻是写什么都配不上，代替不了的。这一刻我陶醉于山谷那动人美景之中。根据题干关键词 a change 和 understanding of keeping a diary定位本题的解题点在At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley这句话里面。本句的主干是I understood that „that引导宾语从句，宾语从句又包含了两个定语从句，分别是：①nothing I wrote 是省略了that的定语从句。② the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley也是省略了that的定语从句，还原为I allowed myself the few seconds to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley。所以B The beauty of the great valley正确。

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2. He helped popularize the term “red tape” to describe situations where people in power use needless amounts of bureaucracy (官僚作风) in a way that particularly hurts the weaker and poorer members of society.

（定语从句）According to the article, the phrase “red tape” refers to ________. A rules or procedures that are required to accomplish a task B a situation in which poor members of society are hurt C conflict between people in power and weaker people

D pointlessly time – consuming official procedures 解析：由下文where引导的定于从句可知，red tape指代的是定语从句里面的内容，即官方办事时的繁文缛节，所以D项为最佳选项。

3. Reuters (路透社) ------ Robots that can chat, find misplaced glasses, draw airplanes and play with children are attracting thousands of visitors during an

exhibition in Tokyo.

（定语从句）What kind of robots will be introduced in the following paragraphs? A Robots that can help explore the moon

B Robots that can help special people such as the old, the young or the lonely. C Robots that can work in dangerous situation instead of workers D Robots that can assist scientists in doing the experiment

解析:句意为：在东京展览会上展出的机器人，吸引了成千上万的参观者，它们能与人聊天，能发现放错地方的玻璃杯，能画飞机，也能与孩子玩耍。 本句是一个含定语从句的复合句，句子主干为Robots are attracting thousands of visitors ...，that后的定语从句有多个谓语，即chat, find , draw ， and play.，同时后面还跟有一个as引导的原因状语从句。，B项是对文中定从内容的概括性描述，故选B。

4. A person can change his way of clothing, way of eating and living but the values in a person always remain unchanged because they are deeply rooted within our hearts, mind, body and soul which we receive from our culture.

（状语分隔的定语从句）From this sentence we can see that all are changeable except _______.

A clothing B lifestyle C values D good manners 解析：句意为：一个人可以改变自己的穿着时尚、饮食方式和生活方式，但从我们文化中获得的价值观总是不变的，因为它们深深地扎根于我们的内心、思想、身体和灵魂中。通过连

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词but可知，其前后为并列句，重点强调but后的内容；在but后的句子中，the values后的定语从句被because引导的从句隔开，还原后应为... but the values in a person which we receive from our culture always remain unchanged because they are deeply rooted within ... 答案为C。

5. Cantonese, a dialect from southern China that has dominated（控制）the Chinatowns of North America for decades, is being rapidly swept aside by Mandarin, the national language of China and the lingua franca（通用语）of most of the latest Chinese immigrants.

（含同位语的定语从句）From this part, we can infer that _______. A Cantonese is the only language spoken in North America. B Mandarin has replaced Cantonese in Chinatowns of North America.

C The immigrants who speak Mandarin are increasing in North America. D The immigrants who speak Mandarin are changing the North American world. 解析：句意为：粤语是源自中国南部地区的一种方言，几十年以来主导着北美地区的唐人街，如今却正被普通话快速取代。普通话是中国的官方语言，也是大部分中国最新移民的通用语言。该句句子主干为Cantonese is being rapidly swept aside by Mandarin ；a dialect from...为Cantonese的同位语，a dialect后面that has dominated...为定语从句；the national language of China...作Mandarin的同位语。根据句子结构的分析和句意，答案为C。

6. There is probably nothing more annoying than a diner receiving or making a call near you when you are in a restaurant. The icy glares you receive should be warning

that it is not appreciated. Turn your phone off and use your message service to return calls after you leave.

（比较状语从句）According to the passage, the most annoying thing in a restaurant is that _____.

A you receive icy glares

B a nearby diner is answering a phone call C you have to use the message service

D you can not return calls until after you leave

解析:本题的解题关键就在于理解词组nothing more ... than的准确含义:“没有什么能比得上„„”, 即“最„„”, 用比较级表示最高级的意义。原文第一句中说明了最annoying

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的事件是: receiving or making a call near you, 因此可判定正确答案为B。其他三个选项的内容在原文中也有出现,如果考生没有理解词组nothing more ... than是比较级表最高级的意思,就容易受到其他三个选项的干扰，就会做出错误判断。

7. Dogs owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall ------mostly with their dogs „and found it worth doing.

（比较状语从句；分隔）In the sentence, we can learn that the researchers reported that __________.

A people with dogs did more exercise B dogs lost the same weight as people did C dogs liked exercise much more than people did

D people without dogs found it useful doing exercise with dogs

解析：句意为：养狗的人并不比不养狗的人体重下降多少，但是，据研究人员说，(他们)能够得到全身心的锻炼 — 多数和他们的狗一起 — 而且还发现这很值得（去做）。并列谓语didn’t lose any more weight..., but, got more exercise overall... and found it worth doing，第一个谓语后有一个省略了的比较状语从句than those without dogs, 在but后还有一个插入成分say researchers，破折号 — mostly with their dogs对 got more exercise overall进行补充说明。选A。

8. The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian（高加索人）and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral（中

性的）.

（状语从句）What were the people asked to do in the study?

A to make a face at each other B to get their faces impressive

C to classify some face pictures D to observe the researchers’ faces

解析：句意为：这些研究人员通过记录13名西高加索人和13名东亚人的眼部运动研究在面部表情识别方面的文化差异，同时让他们观察有丰富面部表情的图片，并按要求对它们进行分类：高兴，伤心，惊讶，担心，厌恶，生气或漠不关心。本句是含有时间状语的复合句。句子主干为The researchers studied cultural differences，其中by recording the eye movement of ...为介词短语，作方式状语；while引导时间状语从句，在while从句中，

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observed ... and put them into categories ...为并列谓语；冒号后为categories具体的分类。根据题干要求可知答案选择C。

9. The busier we are，the more important we seem to ourselves and，we imagine，to others. To be unavailable to our friends and family，and to be unable to find time to relax—this has become the model of a successful life.

（the + 比较级，the + 比较级）According to Paragraph，a successful person is one who is believed to ____ .

A. be able to work without stress B. be more talented than other people C. be more important than anyone else D. be busy working without time to rest 解析：句中含有“The + 比较级，the + 比较级”的结构，还有不定式做主语的结构。句意为：我们越忙，对我们自己而言，而且我们也以为在其他人看来，我们越重要。我们无空帮助朋友，找不到时间照顾家庭，找不到自己放松的时间，这已经成为了成功生活的模式。根据句意故选择D。

10. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. （rather than）When your colleague brings about a problem, you should ______.

A find a better way to handle the problem B blame him for his lack of responsibility C tell him to find the cause of the problem D ask a more able colleague for help

解析：句意为“再例如，如果你的同事因缺失责任心或能力不足给你工作造成的问题，应寻找解决缺乏责任心或能力不足问题的办法，而不是简单地去责备这个人。”本句是含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。在if引导的条件状语从句中on the job作problems的定语，for lack of...为介词短语做原因状语。主句为祈使句find ways of dealing with...，rather than simply blame the person作比较状语，与前面的find ways ... 并列,意在强调的是去发现解决问题的方法。故答案为A。

11. In foreign countries the relation between the boss and the employee is like a master and slave and is purely monetary（金钱的）whereas in Indian culture the relation between the boss and the employee is more like homely relation unlike foreign countries.

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（whereas）In India the relation between the boss and the employee is like ______. A a master and slave B a teacher and student C a doctor and patient D family members 解析：句意为：在外国，老板和雇员的关系就像是主人与奴隶，是纯粹的金钱关系，然而在印度文化里，老板和雇员的关系与外国（那种关系）不同，更像是家庭成员之间的关系。本句是由whereas（然而）引导的一个并列复合句，前主句句子主干为the relation...is like ... and is purely monetary。后面主句句子主干为the relation... is more like ...，其中unlike foreign countries作比较状语。根据后一句的homely(家庭地)可知答案为D。 12. In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese chose group experience as one of their top three reasons while 62 percent of the more individually oriented（强调个性发展的）Americans chose it. （while并列句）More than three-fifths of the American respondents believe that preschools should also attach importance to _______. A problem solving B group experience

C parental guidance D individually oriented development 解析: 句中while表示对比，意为“而”，表示日本人的情况与美国人的情况前后相对照；in the recent comparison of ...为介词短语作状语；while后的从句中... chose it中的it指代 individually oriented。句意为：在最近一份日本和美国学前教育的比较中发现，91%的日本人选择团体经验作为他们的三大理由之一，而更强调个性发展的美国人则有62%的人选择了它。根据句意和it 指代的内容，答案为D。

13. “Walking in circles is therefore not caused by differences in leg length or strength, but more likely the result of increasing uncertainty about where straight ahead is,” said Souman.

（not„but„句型）What is the probable reason for people’s walking in circles? A differences in leg length. B differences in body strength

C the increasing uncertainty about directions D no references such as the sun or the moon

解析：句子主语为walking in circles，为动名词做主语，谓语为被动结构。因此句意为：绕圈行走不是由腿的长度或力量不同引起的，而是更有可能由逐渐增长的对正前方位置的不

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确定性引起的结果。not ... but ... 来引导表语，说明作者舍弃not后的观点，接纳but后的观点。选项中的directions与句中的where straight ahead is意思相近。答案为C。 14. Australia and the United State are about the same in size, and their western lands are both rich in soil. It was the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west.

However, this westward movement took place more because the English were searching for better land than because the population was increasing. Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold was discovered in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.

（强调句）When the English people first landed in Australia, ______. A they were still prisoners B they went to the west to search for gold

C they established their homes in the eastern coast D they established an independent country

解析：根据文中强调句型可知，英国人首先在澳大利亚和美国东海岸定居，然后向西扩展，故选择C。

15. Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space．The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural(文化的)difference, not an economic(经济的)one. Knowing your own psychological (心理的)space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child-family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also want to offer separate bedrooms for them. In America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own looms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them.

（不完全否定句）The first sentence in this paragraph “ Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space” mean______. A. Not two people need exactly the same amount of living space

B. Living space requirements are not always the same 7

C. The world requires the same amount of living space D. Nobody needs a required amount of living space

解析：“Not everyone„”意为“不是每个人„„”，表示不完全否定。根据首句句意“世界上不是每个人都会要求相同数量的生活空间”和上下文介绍的情况可知人们对生活空间的要求不尽相同。故答案应为B。

（二） 针对上下文或句间的逻辑关系设题：阅读理解文章中，有些句子间虽然没有明显的关联词，但却形成了逻辑上的因果关系、转折关系等，以及含有例证、引用等的句子，这些都可能成为命题人的设题点。

1. Jim suffered heart problems. In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close. When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was expected. Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation, but nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness. He died on the operating table on the day before his 48th birthday.

Q：Jim was sent back to operation because________.

A. his heart didn't work well B. he expected a full recovery

C. his life was drawing to a close D. the first one wasn't well performed 解析：文段中“Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation ...”这两个句子之间虽无表示原因的连词，但它们之间形成了意义上的因果关系。即Jim 的心脏跳动不正常，所以再次进行手术。正确答案为A。

2. No one should be forced to wear a uniform. Uniforms are totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniform tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual, that is, the individual in a uniform loses self-worth. There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a sense of identification with a more important concept. But in fact, the individual himself is the most important, if an organization is so weak that it must rely on the uniform to inspire it members, that organization has not right to continue its existence. On the other hand, uniforms also hurt the economy.

Q: The author’s main purpose in writing this paragraph is to______. A. show that uniform are possible in a democratic society

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B. advocate stronger governmental controls on the wearing of uniforms C. convince the reader that uniforms have more disadvantages than advantages D. advocate doing away with uniforms

解析：本题为归纳作者意图题，需要抓住作者有关态度的词语。根据文中的But in fact,the individual himself is the most important,表示作者强调个体性，故根据上下文内容可以推断作者是在告诉读者有关制服的缺点，故答案为C，B、D项为干扰项。

3. The left half of the brain controls the right side of the body. The right half controls the left side. One half of the brain is always dominant (charge). Usually, the left brain is dominant, which is why 90% of people are right-handed. Q：From the passage, we know the reason why around 10% of people are left-handed is that_____.

A. their frontal lobe is usually dominant B. their temporal lobe is usually dominant

C. their right brain is usually dominant D. their left brain is usually dominant

解析：该题无法在文中直接找到相对应的答案，而是需要考生利用原文的相关信息进行推测，从而得出正确答案。题干问的是“10% 左右的人是左撇子的原因”，而原文阐述的是“通常情况下，左脑处于支配地位，因此90% 左右的人是右撇子”，而前文说“左脑控制右边身体，右脑控制左边身体”，那么推测可知，左撇子是由于他们的右脑处于支配地位。因此正确答案为C。

4. What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology (生物技术). With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Today's leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories.

Q：According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by ________.

A. diseases and aging B. accidents and war

C. accidents and aging D. heart disease and war

解析：根据题干中的关键词 “now” 和“mainly caused”可对应至原文中的Today's leading killers，such as heart disease, cancer, and aging „，很据列举出的具体内容，因此正确答案为A。

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（三）按逆向思维的方法设题

1. The left half of the brain controls the right side of the body．The right half controls the left side．One half of the brain is always dominant（in charge）．Usually，the left brain is dominant，which is why 90% of people are right-handed． Q：From the passage，we know the reason why around 10% of people are left-handed is that ______.

A．their frontal lobe is usually dominant B．their temporal lobe is usually dominant

C．their right brain is usually dominant D．their left brain is usually dominant

解析：根据文中the left brain is dominant，which is why 90% of people are right-handed 和问题题干 why around 10% of people are left-handed ，采用逆向思维可以推测出左撇子是由于他们的右脑处于支配地位，可知答案为C。

问题题干why around 10% of people are left-handed the left brain is dominant，which is why 90% of people are right handed设问。采用逆向思维答案显而易见。答案为C。 2. After a busy day of work and play，the body needs to rest．Sleep is necessary for good health．During this time，the body recovers from the activities of the day．The rest that you get while sleeping makes it possible for your body to prepare itself for the next day．

Q：The text suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you ．

A．suffer from poor health B．feel tired and nervous

C．dream more often D．breathe quickly

解析：本文是在介绍在一天的工作和学习后睡眠的好处，然而题干是针对如果缺少睡眠的后果提问，因此采用逆向思维可知如果没有足够的睡眠，肯定对身体不利。答案A。

第二讲 正确选项的特点

1正确选项是原文的同义改写

（2013广东）One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him

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to me. \"This boy has lost his family,\" he wrote. \"He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I'm very worried about him. Can you help?” 36. When he first met the author, David . A. felt a little excited

B. walked energetically

C. looked a little nervous D. showed up with his teacher

【解析】：根据信息He kept„ walking up and down restlessly（不安地），可以判断选项C为正确答案。nervous与原文中的restlessly为同义不同词性的复现。

2正确选项是原文的“反说”改写

Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds;

at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.

Q：If a child starts to speak later than others, he will _______ A .have a high IQ. B .be less intelligent.

C .be insensitive to verbal signals. D .not necessarily be backward. 【解析】：第一句句意为：专家们指出人们学习语言的阶段往往是通过一个固定的进程、并且在一段时期内，但是却有一些特例，那些孩子们掌握语言能力的时期较晚，但最后却变成了高智商的人。A和B与这句话的前后两个部分相矛盾，C的内容与原文表述的内容不符，原文中并没有提到孩子是否对事物(或信号)有不敏感的表现，而是提到他们的母亲在他们学习语言的阶段所发出的非语言信号敏感与否。D项包括两种可能性，即这个孩子有可能很迟钝，但是有可能又很聪明，因此D“不一定落后于其他人”最符合第四段第一句话的表述，通过not和backward的双重否定增加了题目的难度。

3正确选项是原文的部分

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student

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whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language — all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts. Q: A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when _________ .

A he has given up his smoking habit. B he has made great efforts in his work. C he is keen on learning anything new.

D he has tried to determine where he is on his journey.

【解析】：本文阐述的一个观点是人们通常认为个人的成长是外在的成果或产物，是容易辨别和衡量的，文中使用概括性的语言，而选项则是具体的表象。正确答案必须符合“外在”、“易辨别和衡量”这两个一般特征。A项“当一个人戒了烟”，烟戒了是一种易辨别的、外在的“成果”，与“升职”等相似，属于特殊的情况。故A正确。 4正确选项常常是原文简化

Whether the eyes are “the windows of the soul” is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby’s life, the stimulus that produces a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the

nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother’s back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the “proper place to focus one‘s gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one’s conversation partner.”

Q: Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person _____.

A .whose front view is fully perceived. B .whose face is covered with a mask.

C .whose face is seen from the side.D. whose face is free of any covering.

【解析】：C选项是对文中文字的解释和简化，in profile是侧面像的意思。

5正确选项是对原文的解释

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“Creative thinking may mean simply the realization that’s no particular virtue in doing things the way they have always been done,” wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority, this accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plastic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient:“How come nobody thought of that before?”

The creative approach begins with the proposition that nothing is as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are bound to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends.

Q：The author quotes Rudolph Flesch in paragraph 1 because _________. A Rudolph Flesch is best-known expert in the study of human creativity.

B the quotation strengthens that creative individuals look for new ways of doing things. C the reader is familiar with Rudolph Flesch’s point of view.

D the quotation adds a new idea to the information previously presented. 【解析】：作者引用Flesch的话当然是为了支持自己的观点：有创造力的人经常探索做事情的新方法。文章Flesch指出创造性思维往往只起源于一种认识：做事情的传统的方法未必是最好的。A、C所表达的内容也许是正确的，但并不是文章引用Flesch的目的。D Flesch的话所表达的思想与作者的看法是相吻合的，且进一步解释了文中的观点。

6正确选项是原文的概括

For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. Q：Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers________ . A. to improve their hard life. B. in view of their long-distance travel.

C .to add some flavor to their own daily life. D .out of a charitable impulse.

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【解析】：第一句句意为：很久以前在大多数地方的乡下, 旅行者的到来会暂时打破沉闷枯燥的氛围。选项C意为“为人们日常生活带来欢乐的气息”是对下文内容的概括，符合文意。故选C。

7正确选项是对大意的归纳

Few people doubt the fundamental importance of mothers in child raising, but what do fathers do? Much of what they contribute is simply the result of being a second adult in the home. Bringing up children is demanding, stressful and exhausting. Two adults can support and make up for each other’s strengths.

Q：The paragraph points out that one of the advantages of a family with both parents is ______.

A husband and wife can share house work. B two adults are always better than one.

C the fundamental importance of mothers can be fully recognized.

D husband and wife can make up for each other’s shortcoming. 【解析】：本段的话题是子女抚养中母亲或父亲的作用，如果双方互相支持，可以弥补对方的缺陷。可见D“夫妇可互相补偿彼此缺点”是段落中心的概括，符合题意。A“夫妇可共同做家务劳动”和 “两个总比一个好”都是根据生活常识编造的选项；C“母亲的重要性可以得到充分认可”，表达较为片面，没有全面归纳文章的大意。

8正确选项是原文的推理

1） （2013福建）... It would remain the case, of course, that Mrs. Bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more \"female\" dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs. Still, she'd no doubt have enjoyed Davos—and might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures. Q: What does the writer intend to tell us?

A.Women with brains can also be as successful as men. B.Women have to pay a high price for success. C.A judgment must be made free from prejudice. D.Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.

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【解析】：文中介绍Mrs. Bennet虽为执行经理，但薪水，奖金都比男性低，且工作年限比男性短。由此可推断出：在当今社会中，性别歧视依旧存在。故选择D。

2） （2013广东）Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?

\"Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,\" I thought. \"Perhaps

he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.

\"It’s your turn,\" he said.

After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a

bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.

Q：What can be inferred about David? A. He recovered after months of treatment. B. He liked biking before he lost his family.

C. He went into university soon after starting to talk. D. He got friends in school before he met the author.

【解析】：根据“Some months later,he looked up at me suddenly，David started talking. 几个月后的一天David开始看我并开始对我说话了”，再根据“After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club.从那天起，他开始说话，并且交了朋友、参加了社团，而且从此“开始了新生活（末句）”，以及最后He wrote to me a few times得知，这些都是他结束治疗写信告诉我的，因此判断A项“几个月的治疗之后，他痊愈了。”为正确答案。

【技法体验】：

1）（2013福建）Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here's my own suggestion. . .

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67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Austen was born 200 years ago. B.Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice.

C.Austen's success lies in her wisdom. D.Austen's updated work gains popularity.

【解析】：首句Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence中的popularity和intelligence与选项中的success和wisdom属于“同义转述”，故选择C。

2） （2013北京） When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it --- but her tail didn’t. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.

60. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ______. A. physical build B. potential ability

C. chance of survival D. adaptation to the surroundings.

【解析】：第二段当中的“She was fighting for her life. Is she going to make it ？她在为她的生命战斗。她能活下来吗?”与选项C中的chance of survival（幸存的可能）最相对应，故答案选C。

3）（2013湖北）Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?

51. Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.

A. observing her school routine B. expressing her satisfaction C. impressing her classmates

D. preserving her history 【解析】：根据After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?与选项D preserving her history相对应，故D为正确答案。

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4）（2013湖北）Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in

books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.

53. What does the author put in her diary now? A. Notes and beautiful pictures. B. Special thoughts and feelings. C. Detailed accounts of daily activities.

D. Descriptions of unforgettable events. 【解析】：根据题干关键词now和 put in her diary定位对应的文章中的“Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling”故选项B. Special thoughts and feelings为正确答案。

5）（2013湖南）In my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom(开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s，when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.

61．“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph I refers to ________． A．a program directed by Dorothy

B．a course given by the author C．an activity held by the students

D．an organization sponsored by Union College

【解析】：由文章中I was teaching “Early Childhood Development” through a program可知Early Childhood Development是作者教的一门课程。

6） （2013山东）Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.

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One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 a.m. and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy agreed. 56. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?

A. He was out of work. B. He was bored with his job.

D. he hoped to find a better boss.

C. He wanted a higher position.

【解析】：根据“Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago.”中的 “lost his job ”与选项A中“out of work”同义，故选A。 57. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview?

A. A friend’s car had a flat tyre. B. A wild man was pushing a car. C. A terrible car accident happened. D. An old man’s car broke down. 【解析】：根据题干“on the way to the interview”定位对应的第二段第三句；“he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car”当中的something wrong with the car可知是老人的车出问题了， 与选项D同义，故选D。

7）（2013重庆）I took my puree and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasn't he as busy as the others?

57. What made the author begin to doubt about the dentist?

A. The dentist's agreeing to treat her at very short notice. B. The dentist's being as busy as the other dentists. C. The surroundings of the dentist's office. D. The laughing assistant of the dentist.

【解析】：根据题干关键词begin to doubt定位文中的What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? 什么样的牙医急于在如此短的时间治疗

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一个人？可知Ａ项“牙医同意在如此短的时间为她治疗”正是此句的同义转述，符合题意，故选A。

8） （2013四川）Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

47. What is the finding of the study?

A. One’s heart affects how he feels fear. B. Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat. C. Fear has something to do with one’s health. D. One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

【解析】：根据 题干关键词finding定位相应文章中的according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear依据研究，发现：心跳循环与人感知恐惧是有关联的可以锁定选项A One’s heart affects how he feels fear（人的心脏影响他对恐惧的感知）。

9）（2013福建）Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents' when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn't my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift-giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “You’ll recognize this one,\" she said, smiling. 58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.The writer's family moved several times. B.The writer never stopped looking for her ring.

C.The writer's ring was cleaned up by the new house owner. D.The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.

【解析】：由段首Years passed, and a couple of moves later可知，在这些年中他们又搬过几次家。故A正确。

10） Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July. This is a long way below the double-digitrates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.

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It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In late 1994 the group of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America’s inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6% in August, and expected to average only about 3% for the years as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a Percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. Q：From the passage we learn that _______ .

A there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates. B economy will always follow certain models.

C the economic situation is better than expected. D economists had foreseen the present economic situation.

【解析】：根据第二段的部分段意“《经济学家》杂志每月调查的经济学家小组称：1995年美国平均通货膨胀率会达3.5％左右，但是，8月份它实际降至2.6％，全年也不过3％左右；在英国和日本，平均通货膨胀率比上年底预测的低0.5个百分点（或：半个百分点）。而且，在过去几年里一直是如此(this is no flash in the pan)：在英美两国，平均通货膨胀率一直比预测的要低。”可知C项是对文中诸多数据的总结。意为：经济形势比预想的好，故选C。

11） （2013江西）Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

66. The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.

A. preparing a topic list first

B. focusing on one’s own mind

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C. directing the talk to the desired results s inside world

D. experiencing the speaker’

【解析】：本篇都在围绕聆听者要专注于说话者，让说话者感觉到被接受，融入到说话者的内心世界的这一主题在展开阐述。由第二段Bracketing includes „, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside可知D项experiencing the speaker’s inside world

就是此句的转化表述，选择D。

12）（2013江苏）If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen (氮) dissolved (溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡) accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.

61. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends? A. A twisted body.

B. A gradual decrease in blood supply. C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood. D. A drop in blood pressure.

【解析】： 根据题干中的the bends可定位到原文中的The consequence„is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name，a bent body和a twisted body是同义转换。故选择A。 13）Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water mammals as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.

Q：While sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order to _________. A alert themselves to the approaching enemy. B emerge from water now and then to breathe. C be sensitive to the ever-changing environment. D avoid being swept away by rapid currents.

【解析】：题干意为“一些海里哺乳睡眠时半醒的目的”，emerge from water对应原文to surface， occasionally对应from time to time, to avoid drowning对应to breathe，故选B。

14）ANOTHER BELDON HOTEL CATCHES FIRE

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Last night Belton firemen arrived just too late to save clothing, bedclothes and some furniture at the Sea breeze Hotel. An angry holiday-maker said, “An electric lamp probably started the fire. The bedroom lamps are very old at some of these hotels. When I put my bedside light on, I heard a funny noise from the lamp.” We are glad to tell our readers that this sort of adventure does not happen in Canfield. Question: The Canfield newspaper gave a report just the opposite to the Belton Post by saying that _______.

A. the bedroom lamps were very old at the Sea breeze Hotel B. the bedroom lights made funny noise when the fire took place C. the firemen failed to save clothing, bedclothes and other things D. such accidents never happened in Canfield for the past 5 years

【解析】：选项C中的fail to save„是文中arrived too late to save的同义改写，故选C。

15） We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is widespread: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently helpful uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess（过度） will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions（直觉扭曲）. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.

Q：Physical dependence on certain substances results from ______. A uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time. B exclusive use of them for social purposes.

C quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases. D careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms.

【解析】：句意为：频繁使用某种药物会使身体对之上瘾或形成依赖。依赖起先表现为耐药量（tolerance）的增加：要达到满足，需要的剂量越来越多；停止服用后，一些不舒服的

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反应就会出现。可见，用药量和用药时间是造成药物依赖的两个重要因素。文中的repeated use对应选A项中的uncontrolled consumption。答案为A。

16）One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically,

making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in different locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not coming---it’s already here.

Q：According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to ________ . A withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes.

B obtain more convenient services than other people do. C enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper. D cash money wherever he wishes to.

【解析】：根据文章大意“信用卡持有者可在商店、饭店、宾馆，以及在当地、外地甚至国外赊购货物，同时信用卡还可以使他们得到银行提供的许多服务。”B项意为“比其他人得到了更多的便利服务”是对文中斜体句大意的概括，为正确选项。C选项则在原文中没有提及。D选项的表述过于绝对，该段第三句话中的“scattered locations”(分散的地点)并不意味着“wherever he wishes to”，从常理判断这也是不可能的。

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