语法填空提分专练 ——专题四 介词和介词短语

2021届新高考英语二轮语法复习——语法填空提分专练

专题四 介词和介词短语

解读高考重点

1、介词用法辨析

2、固定短语中的介词用法

3、介词与名词的搭配

4、介词与动词的搭配

5、介词+which/whom 引导的定语从句

一、单句语法填空（用所给单词的正确形式填空）

1.He looks healthier in contrast __________________ his former self.

2.His conduct in the affair was not consistent _____________ his usual politeness and gentleness.

3.In our daily life, we sometimes come across a number of cases where people suffer ___________ heart attacks.

4.A study shows the students who are engaged __________ after school activities are happier than those who are not.

5.If you don't mind, I'd like to have the first two weeks' rent __________ advance.

6.People who have visited the Forbidden City are impressed _____ the wonderful buildings.

7.She came into the room, _____ her nose red because of cold.

8.At 33 he enrolled _____ a glass-making degree course at London's Royal College of Art

9.Would you care to comment _____ any troublesome students in your class?

10.Due to the size and location, China has diverse climate conditions, varying ___ bitter cold to unbearable heat.

11.Environmentalists fear that this is a short-sighted approach _______ the problem of global warming.

12.My main reason _______ subscribing to Science Today is to keep in touch with advances in science.

13.The plan has been studied _______ the experts for three times.

14.Following the instructions, stick ________ your address at the bottom of the form.

15.\"Everything went quietly in my head,\" Tim recalls(回忆道）.\" I was trying to figure _______ how to swim to the boys in a straight line. \"

二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ahead of this year’s London Book Fair in March, media reported a rise in interest in translated works among British readers. For translator Anna Holmwood, this signals the①_______ (arrive) of a new era.

“This is a big moment for Chinese fiction abroad,” says Holmwood,②_______has translated Chinese literature for almost a decade.

Her translation work, Legends of the Condor Heroes, a fantasy novel written by Jin Yong, and Liu Cixin’s science-fiction book, The Three Body Problem, are shown in a Nielsen report③_______examples of two of the most popular Chinese fiction works in Britain in 2018.

“Languages in growing demand include Chinese and Arabic.” according to the Nielsen report. It found that, against the commonly④_______ (see) “not more than 3 percent rule” of translated literature’s presence in the English-language book markets, the number for 2018 was 5.63 percent in Britain ⑤_______the total annual sales was worth $27.1 million.

Charlotte Collins, translator and co-chair of the British Translators Association, says: “As we can see, this proportion (比率)⑥_______ (double) in recent years..This is⑦_______ (real) exciting news.”

The Guardian quotes (引用) Fiammetta Rocco, administrator of the Man Booker

International Prize, “⑧_______ (read) fiction is one of the⑨_______ (good) ways of putting ourselves in other people’s shoes. The rise in sales of translated fiction⑩_______(show) how hungry British readers are for terrific writing from other countries.”

三、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A new regulation by China's top education authority asks schools to stop ①______ use of plastic book covers over health and environmental concerns.

The circular, jointly released ②______ authorities including the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said primary and secondary schools should not require students to use plastic book covers, especially ③________ with health hazards (有害物).

Using plastics ④_______ (lead) to environmental pollution, with some ⑤_______(poor) made products ⑥__________(contain) toxic materials such as

formaldehyde and benzene, ⑦______ may cause harm to children's nervous systems and physical development, according to the document.

It said market regulators should double efforts to identify ⑧________(qualify) plastic products in schools and punish the ⑨___________ (produce).

The circular asks local education administrations and schools,whose educational policies and regulations are of critical importance to children’s growth, ⑩

________(promote) the idea of frugality as well as green and low-carbon consumption in schools, and raise students' environmental awareness.

答案以及解析

一、

1.答案：to/with

解析：考查介词。句意:他与以前相比,看起来更健康些。in contrast to/with是固定短语,意思是\"与……相比\"。

2.答案：with

解析：考查介词。句意:他在这件事上的所作所为同他素日的温文尔雅不一致。be consistent with sth.表示\"与某物一致，与某事物相吻合\"。

3.答案：from

解析：句意:在日常生活中,我们有时遇到一些人们犯心脏病的情况。suffer from患……病。

4.答案：in

解析：句意:一项研究表明,参加课外活动的学生比不参加的学生更快乐。be engaged in参与。

5.答案：in

解析：句意为:如果你不介意的话,我想提前收前两周的租金。in advance意为“提前”,故填in。

6.答案：by/with

解析：考查固定搭配。句意：参观过故宫的人都会对这些精美绝伦的建筑物印象深刻。be impressed by/with意为\"（对……）有深刻的好印象\"。

7.答案：with

解析：考查\"with +宾语+宾补\"结构。分析句子结构可知，\"____ her nose red\"为伴随状语，故应填with。

8.答案：in

解析：句意：33岁时，他在伦敦皇家艺术学院报名学习玻璃制作学位课程。enroll in登记；报名。

9.答案：on/upon

解析：考查介词.句意:你介意评论一下你们班的问题学生吗? comment on/upon意为\"对……发表评论\".

10.答案：from

解析：句意为:由于面积和位置,中国的气候条件多种多样,有严寒也有酷暑. vary from...to... 为固定搭配,意为 \"从... ...到... ...变化\". 故填 from.

11.答案：to

解析：考查介词。句意:环保主义者们担心这是一个目光短浅的解决全球变暖问题的方法。the approach to (doing) sth.意为“(做)某事的方法”。

12.答案：for

解析：考查介词。句意:我订阅《今日科学》的主要原因是与科学的进步保持联系。表示“……的原因”要用 the reason for。

13.答案：by

解析：句意这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。由句意可知设空处后是动作的执行者。故填by。

14.答案：down

解析：

15.答案：out

解析：句意:“我脑子里一片寂静,”蒂姆回忆到。“我在努力弄清楚怎样沿着一条直线游向男孩子们。”考查动词短语。 figure out弄清楚。

二、

答案：

1. arrival

2. who

3. as

4. seen

5. and

6. has doubled

7. really

8. Reading

9. best

10. shows

解析：

本文是一篇调查报告。通过对英语图书市场的调查发现,在英国翻译小说销量的增长表明,英国读者对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望。

【1题详解】考查词形转换。句意:对于翻译安娜·霍姆伍德来说,这标志着一个新时代的到来。根据the可知此处应该用名词形式,故答案为arrival。

【2题详解】考查定语从句。此处Holmwood是先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作主语,又是非性定语从句,that不能引导,故答案为who。

【3题详解】考查介词。句意:她的翻译作品《射雕英雄传》(legend of the Condor Heroes)、金庸的奇幻小说《射雕英雄传》(Legends of the Condor Heroes),以及刘慈欣的科幻小说《三体》(the Three Body Problem)都在尼尔森(Nielsen)的一份报告中被列为2018年英国最受欢迎的两部中国小说之一。固定搭配:show---as---“把------当作------”。故答案为as.

【4题详解】考查过去分词。句意:调查发现,与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过3%的规则”相反,2018年英国的这一数字为5.63%,并且年度总销售额为2710万美元。此处是过去分词作前置定语“被经常看见的”,故答案为seen。

【5题详解】考查并列连词。句意:调查发现,与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过3%的规则”相反,2018年英国的这一数字为5.63%,并且年度总销售额为2710万美元。结合句意可知

此处是并列的递进关系,故答案为and。

【6题详解】考查时态。句意:正如我们所看到的,这一比例近年来翻了一番。根据in recent years.可知句子用现在完成时态,且主语是proportion,不可数名词,属于单数第三人称,故答案为has doubled。

【7题详解】考查词形转换。此处exciting是形容词,由副词来修饰,故答案为really。

【8题详解】考查动名词作主语。句意:读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好方法之一。此处是动名词作主语,故答案为Reading。

【9题详解】考查最高级。句意:读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好方法之一。此处有范围,再根据定冠词the,可知用最高级,故答案为best。

【10题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:翻译小说销量的增长表明,英国读者对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,且主语是rise,单数第三人称,故答案为shows。

三、答案：

1.客观填空 the

2.客观填空 by

3.客观填空 those

4.客观填空 leads

5.客观填空 poorly

6.客观填空 containing

7.客观填空 which

8.客观填空 unqualified

9.客观填空 producers

10.客观填空 to promote

解析：

(1)the.考查冠词.特指塑料书皮的使用,修饰名词 use ,用定冠词the.

(2)by.考查介词.修饰名词authorities ,表示\"被\用介词by.

(3)those.考查代词.代指plastic book covers,用代词those.

(4)leads.考查谓语动词.根据上下文可知本句用一般过去时态,和主语动名词Using plastics 一致,谓语动词用第三人称单数leads.

(5)poorly.考查副词.修饰动词 made,用副词poorly.

(6)containing.考查非谓语动词.动词contain做 products 的定语,表示主动关系,用现在分词containing.

(7)which.考查定语从句.代指先行词formaldehyde and benzene,做非性定语从句may cause harm to children's nervous systems and physical development的主语,用关系词which.

(8)unqualified.考查派生词.qualify做定语,修饰名词 plastic products,表示\"不合格的\用形容词unqualified.

(9)producers.考查派生词.做宾语,表示\"生产者\因为按照常理不是一个,所以用名词复数producers.

(10)to promote.考查动词不定式.做目的状语,用动词不定式 to promote.