专题16 动词的被动语态-2019年中考英语语法单项选择题专项突破(解析版)

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要学好语态，首先要熟悉各种语态的构成形式；其次要深刻理解各种时态所表达的意义。中考常考的

八种时态及被动语态见下表： 语 态 时 态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 主 动 语 态 do/does did am/is/are doing was/were doing have/has done had done will do would do 被 动 语 态 am/is/are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done have/has been done had been done will be done would be done 中考被动语态主要考查一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。

考点一. 一般现在时的被动语态

一般现在时的被动语态由“助动词（am/is/are）+动词的过去分词”构成。 1. Hangzhou ______ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there. (河北) A. knows B. is known C. was known D. will be known 【答案】B

2. It’s not your turn yet. Please wait on the chair over there until you ______. (乐山) A. are calling B. have called C. are called 【答案】C

【解析】句意：还没轮到你，请在那边的椅子上等一等直到有人喊你。you与call是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。

3. —Your bedroom is so clean. （随州） —Of course. It ______ every day. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 【答案】C

【解析】句意：——你的卧室非常干净。——当然了，每天都打扫。主语为it指的是bedroom，与clean是被动关系，应用被动语态，再由时间状语every day可知，应用一般现在时。故选C。 4. A baby’s first month birthday is a special event in China and _____with a special party. (江西) A. is celebrated B. is celebrating C. was celebrated D. celebrates 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：在中国，宝宝满月是一件重要的事情，要开特别的晚会庆祝。i a baby’s first month birthday与celebrate是被动关系，应用用被动语态； “庆祝宝宝满月”是习俗，应用一般现在时。故选A。 5. Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they __________ to drive a car. (青岛) A. are allowed B. allowed C. will be allowed D. allow 【答案】A

【解析】句意：青少年应在18岁之后被允许开车。根据语境可知，此处表示“被动”，排除B和D；时间

状语从中用一般现在时表示将来，故选A。学科&网

6. As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese ______ in more and more schools out of our country. (山东泰安) A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught 【答案】B

【解析】句意：随着中国变得越来越强大，国外越来越多的学校教汉语。Chinese与teach之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据语境应用一般现在时，故选B。

7. —Excuse me, sir, smoking in the gas station. (安顺) —Oh, I’m awfully sorry. A. doesn’t allow C. aren't allowed 【答案】D

【解析】句意：——打扰了，先生，液化气站不允许吸烟。——哦，非常抱歉。smoking与allow是被动关系，应用被动语态；动名词作主语谓语动词用单数。故选D。

B. is allowed D. isn’t allowed

8. —I want to teach in the poor countryside of Qinghai when I graduate from tcollege. —Me, too. Teachers _______ very much there. （西宁） A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. needed 【答案】C

【解析】句意：——我大学毕业后想去青海贫困山区教学。——我也是。那里非常需要老师。Teachers和need是被动关系，应用被动语态。四个选项中只有C是被动语态。

9. —I hear music and art will enter the Entrance Examination for the high school(中考). (菏泽) —Yes. But don’t worry. Nothing will be difficult if more attention ___ to them. A. will pay B. will be paid C. is paid 【答案】C

10. —Why are you leaving your job? （河南）

—I can’t stand it any longer. I ______ always ______ to work overtime.

A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked 【答案】B

【解析】句意：——你为什么要辞职？——我再也忍受不了了。我总被要求加班。由语境可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。

考点二.

一般过去时的被动语态

一般过去时的被动语态由“助动词（was/were）+动词的过去分词”构成。 1.一What do you think of the latest TV play the Name of People? (咸宁)

一It’s very popular. Millions of families _________ by it during that time. A attracted B. are attracted C. were attracted D. were attracting 【答案】C

【解析】句意：——你认为最近播出的电视剧《人民的名义》怎么样？——非常受欢迎。在那段时间，数以百万的家庭深深被这部电视剧所吸引。由during that time可知，要用一般过去时；families与attract是被动关系，故用被动语态。故选C。

2. The waiter told me that free parking _______ for the hotel guests. (广东) A. provides B. provided C. will be provided D. was provided 【答案】D

【解析】宾语从句的主语free parking与动词provide是被动关系，应用被动语态；再根据前面told

可知，应用一般过去时。故选D。

3. Mr. Green ______ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. (安徽) A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites 【答案】A

4. The singer while still at school. (株洲)

A. has discovered B. was discovered C. discovered 【答案】B

【解析】句意：那个歌手在上学时就已经被发掘出来了。singer与discover之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，四个选项中只有B为被动语态。

5. —Why didn't you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday? (连云港) —Because I__________. A. didn't invite B. isn’t invited C. wasn’t invited D. haven't invited 【答案】C

【解析】句意：——昨天你怎么没来参加珍妮的生日聚会？——因为我没被邀请。根据上文的didn’t可知应用一般过去时；结合句意可知，主语I和invite是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。 6. — Why hasn’t Tony come? (苏州)

— The invitation letter ______ to Toby by accident. A. was emailed B. has emailed C. is emailed D. emailed 【答案】A

【解析】句意：——托尼为什么还没有来？——邀请函错发给了托比。“邀请函”肯定是在对话前发的，因此用一般过去时；“邀请函”与“发送”是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选A。 7. They have collected more than 14, 000 books since the library last month. (临沂) A. built B. was built C. builds D. is built 【答案】B

【解析】句意：自从上月图书馆开建以来他们已经收藏了超过14, 000本图书。Since引导的从句用一般过去时；the library和build是被动关系，应用被动语态。Build的过去分词是built，故选B。 8. —Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety into use last month. (宜昌) —Can you tell me what they are? A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put 【答案】C

【解析】句意：——相当多的关于食品安全的法律和制度上个月付诸实施。——你能告诉我都是些什么吗？由last month可知，用一般过去时；再由主语“食品安全的法律和制度”为动词“实施”的承受者，可知用被动语态。故选C。

9. Last December, a man who stole a shared bike 1,000 yuan by the police. (镇江) A. fined B. was fined C. will be fined D. has fined 【答案】B

【解析】句意：上个月，一名盗窃共享单车的男子被罚款1,000元。由时间状语last December可知应用一般过去时；a man与fine是被动关系，由用被动语态，故选B。 10. The match _______ because of the bad weather. What a pity! (徐州) A. well cancel B. has cancelled C. was cancelled D. is cancelling

【答案】C

【解析】意：比赛因恶劣的天气而被取消。叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；the math和cancel是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。

考点三. 一般将来时的被动语态

一般将来时的被动语态由“will be+动词的过去分词”构成。

1. Let’s wait and see whether books _______ by the Internet in the future. (天津) A. replace B. replaced C. will be replaced D. were replaced 【答案】C

【解析】句意：咱们等着瞧（看看）未来书是否会被因特网所取代。根据in the future可知，应用一般将来时；books与replace之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。 2. It is said that BRT (快速公交系统) ______ in Yongzhou soon. (永州) A. was used B. will be used C. is used 【答案】B

【解析】句意：据说快速公交系统很快将在永州投入使用。根据从句的时间状语soon可知，应用一般将来时；BRT与use是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选B。

3. It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts ____________ to teach soccer school students. (盐城) A. invite B. invited C. to be invited D. will be invited 【答案】D

4. The 24th Winter Olympic Games in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022, from February 4th to 20th. (襄阳) A. is going to hold B. hold C. will be held D. was held 【答案】C

【解析】句意：在2022年的2月4日至20日，第24届冬奥会将在北京和张家口举行。根据句意可知应该用一般将来时的被动语态，hold的过去分词为held。

5. The museum _______ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. (上海) A) is decorated B) will decorate

C) is decorating D) will be decorated 【答案】D

【解析】句意：博物馆下个月要装饰一下以庆贺科技节。由时间状语next month可知，应用一般将来时；museum与decorate之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。

6. 2017 Cool City·Liupanshui Summer International Marathon ______ on 23rd July. (六盘水) A. will hold B. holds C. will he held D. to hold 【答案】C

【解析】句意：2017凉爽城市·六盘水夏季国家马拉松比赛于7月23日举行。由主语Liupanshui

International Marathon是动作hold的承受者，且句子时间状语on 23rd July可知，应用一般将来时的被动 语态。

7. I think all the heavy and difficult jobs_________ by machines and robots in the future. (北部湾经济区) A. do B. will do C. are done D. will be done 【答案】D

【解析】句意：我认为将来沉重而困难的工作将由机器和机器人完成。根据时间状语in the future可知，应用一般将来时；主语jobs和动词do之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。 8. A speech on robots in the school hall next Friday afternoon. （资阳）

A. gives B. is given C. will give D. will be given 【答案】B

【解析】句意：下周五下午将在学校礼堂进行一场关于机器人的演讲。由时间状语next Friday afternoon可知，应用一般将来时；speech与give之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选D。

9. The number of the old people is increasing in China. With the development of China, they ________ better care of in the future. (龙东) A. will take B. are taken C. will be taken 【答案】C

10. More schools in Laiwu _______ to provide children with better education in a few years. （莱芜）

A. built B. are built C. were built D. will be built 【答案】D

【解析】由时间状语in a few years可知，应用一般将来时；schools和build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选D。

考点四. 情态动词的被动语态

情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”构成。 1. Teenagers decide for themselves. (岳阳)

A. may be allowed to B. may are allowed to C. may be allow to 【答案】A

【解析】句意：青少年可以被允许自己做决定。含情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+过去分词。故选A。

2. —Mom, can I drive my father’s car to the cinema? (凉山)

—No way! You should not ______ to drive, you don’t have a driver’s license. A. allow B. allowed C. be allowed D. are allowed 【答案】C

【解析】句意：——妈妈，我能开爸爸的车去电影院吗？——不行！你不应当被允许开车，你没有驾照。主语“you”是动作的承受者，应当用被动语态；情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be +动词的过去分词”构成。 考点五.

不用被动语态的情况

不及物动词和系动词没有被动语态。 —Whose bike is it? (天水)

—It ___________ to me. It’s hers. A. isn’t belonged B. wasn’t belonged C. didn’t belong D. doesn’t belong 【答案】D

【解析】句意：——谁的自行车？——不是我的。是她的。belong意为“属于”，是不及物动词，没有被动语态；根据语境可知，应用一般现在时。故选D。

巩固练习：

1. About thirty-eight people______ in Manila Casino Hotel attack on June 2nd. （十堰） A. kill B. kills C. killed D. were killed

2. It’s said that an airport ________ in Meishan in the future. (眉山)

A. build B. is build C. has build D. will be build 3. This picture ___________ by my cousin last year. (重庆)

A. draw B. drew C. is drawn D. was drawn 4. —Your classroom is so clean. (遂宁) —Of course. It _____ every day. A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned 5. The mobile phone ______ in 1973. (北京)

A. invents B. is invented C. invented D. was invented

6. Eleven Chinese films ______ during the 7th Chinese Film Festival in France last month. (福建) A. showed B. are shown C. were shown 7. —Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please. (郴州) —Sorry. Orange juice only for breakfast.

A. will serve B. serves C.is served 8.—Would you like to go to the beach with me? （贵港）

—I’d love to. But I _____ to give a speech about the environment. A. is asked B. was asked C. asked D. ask

9. It’s reported that Ke Jie_________ by AlphaGo in May, 2017. (重庆) A. beat B. beats C. was beaten D. will be beaten 10. —Can Mr. King spare some time for the meeting? (呼和浩特) —If he ______, he will try his best to make it.

A. will be invited B. is invited C. invites D. invited 11. — Why did you leave for Beijing? （青海）

— I __________ a new job there. A. offer B. offered C. was offered 12. — What did you do yesterday evening? (哈尔滨)

— I ____ to birthday party and had a good time with my friends. A. invited B. am invited C. was invited

13. English is widely _______ throughout the world. (通辽)

A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak

14. The high-speed railway ______ in this city last year. It is easier for people to travel now. (淮安) A. will build B. will be built C. was built D. built 15. — What tools ________ to make paper cutting? (沈阳) — Scissors.

A. are used B. used C. will use D. use

答案及解析： 1. 【答案】D

【解析】句意：六月二日大约有38人在马尼拉赌场酒店袭击中丧生。Kill是及物动词，空后没有宾语，

应用被动语态。四个选项中只有D为被动语态。学科&网 2. 【答案】D

【解析】句意：据说在不久的将来会在眉山修建一个飞机场。Airport和build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语in the future可知，应用一般将来时。故选D。 3. 【答案】D

【解析】句意：这幅画是我堂兄去年画的。由by my cousin可知，应用被动语态；根据last year可判断用一般过去时，故选D。 4. 【答案】A

【解析】句意：——你们的教室真干净。——当然了，每天都打扫。It指classroom，与clean是被动关系，应用被动语态，再由时间状语every day可知，应用一般现在时。故选A。 5. 【答案】D

【解析】 The mobile phone和invent之间者是被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语in 1973可知，应用一般过去时，故选D。 6. 【答案】C

【解析】句意：上个月在第7届中国电影节上，11部中国电影在法国上映。由时间状语last month可知，应用一般过去时；eleven Chinese films与show是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。 7. 【答案】C

【解析】根据句意可知，只有早餐时才供应橙汁，要用一般现在时表示常态；orange juice和serve是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。 8. 【答案】B

【解析】句意：——你愿意和我一起去海边吗？——愿意，可是我被邀请做个环境方面的演讲。我为被邀请对象，用被动语态。邀请演讲发生在说话前，用一般过去时。故选B。 9. 【答案】C

【解析】由时间状语in May, 2017年可知，应用一般过去时；结合语境可知柯洁被阿尔法狗击败，因此为被动语态；故选C。 10．【答案】B

【解析】句意：——金先生会挤出一些时间去聚会吗？——如果他被邀请，他将尽最大努力去。由语境可知金先生应是“被邀请”，应用被动语态；主句为一般将来时态，因此if引导的条件状语从句应用一般现时。

14. 【答案】C

【解析】句意：去年这个城市建了高铁。现在人们出行更方便了。由时间状语last year可知，应用一般过去时；railway和build是被动关系，应用被动语态。 15．【答案】A

【解析】句意：——什么工具被用来剪纸？——剪刀。 tool与use之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；指客观事实，应用一般现在时，故选A。