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中考英语易错点归纳

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初一英语易错点归纳

英语有很多很细小的知识点,而这些细小的知识点往往就是考点。同学们很容易由于注意不到而犯错误,下面就初一年级同学们比较容易犯错误的知识点做一个汇总。

[第一类] 名词类

1. 这些女老师们在干什么?

[误] What are the woman teachers doing?

[正] What are the women teachers doing?

[析] 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women.

例题:

1) What are the _______ doing now ?

A. boy students b. boys students c, boy student D. boys’ students( a)

2) there are many ______ on the farm.

A. banana tree B. banans tree C. bananas tree D. banana trees (D.)

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2. 房间里有多少人?

[误] How many peoples are there in the room?

[正] How many people are there in the room?

[析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。

!) How many _______ are there in the zoom?

A. elephant B. tiger C. deer D. lion (C)

3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。

[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.

[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。

1) Would you like __________?

A. two glasses of milks B. two glass of milk

C two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks(C)

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[第二类] 动词类

4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?

[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。

5. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。

[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.

[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

[析] 在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ving形式构成。

6. 这双鞋是红色的。

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[误] This pair of shoes are red.

[正] This pair of shoes is red.

[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。

[第三类] 代词类

7. 这张票是她的,不是我的。

[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.

[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。

8. 吴老师教我们英语。

[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.

[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。

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[第四类] 介词类

9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?

[误] Can you find the answer of this question?

[正] Can you find the answer to this question?

[析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。

10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。

[误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.

[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.

[析] 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.

11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。

[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

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[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。

[第五类] 副词类

12. 莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?

[误] Lily, why don’t you go to home?

[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?

[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。

[第六类] 连词类

13. 我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。

[误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.

[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.

[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。

[第七类] 冠词类

14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。

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[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.

[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.

[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;

2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用 an hour;

3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。

[第八类] 句法类

15. ――你不是学生吗? ――不,我是学生。

[误] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No, I am.

[正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes, I am.

[析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。

2. 房间里有多少人?

[误] How many peoples are there in the room? 3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。

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[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.

[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式

two days.

—I hope so. I like playing snow with my classmates.

A. fall B. last C. get D. keep

2. —Do you know ?

—At two this afternoon.

A. what time does the bus leave

B. what time the bus will leave

C. when the bus would leave

D. what time would the bus leave

3. —Some people have really bad in clothes.

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—I’m sorry to hear that.

A. smell B. taste C. sound D. look

4. Jim’s sister was badly ill. So he had to his home at once.

A. arrive in B. see off

C. leave for D. go back

5. —What do you prefer, basketball or football?

—I like but baseball.

A. both B. either C. neither D. none

6. Kate suddenly and hurt herself when she was skating on the ice.

A. fell off B. fell over

C. fell into D. fell behind.

7. —How do you like the pants?

—I’m afraid they’re too small. You should try a bigger .

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A. one B. copy C. piece D. pair

8. —Shall we start the work from the beginning again?

—No, we needn’t. Let’s pick up we left off.

A. what B. how C. where D. when

9. —Jim, if you lend me a story book. I’ll treat you next time.

—Oh, no, I won’t your story.

A. buy B. receive C. get D. read

10. —Is OK, Lucy?

—No, my math is not as good as English.

A. everything B. something

C. nothing D. anything

11. —Look at Bill! He is wearing new trousers.

—But they don’t his new coat.

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A. go with B. put on

C. do with D. get together

12. —Look! How beautiful the building over there is!

—Yes, it is. It’s our city’s stadium. It has many wonderful matches.

A. made B. met C. seen D. appeared

13. —What about Japanese cars?

—The cars made in Japan are cheaper than made in America.

A. ones B. those C. that D. it

14. —How can I find him?

—You can usually him on this telephone number.

A. meet B. see C. catch D. reach

15. —Shall I close the door?

—No, it open.

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A. make B. try C. push D. leave

16. —What do you think make Mary so upset?

— her new bicycle.

A. As he lost B. Lost

C. Losing D. Because of losing

17. —I suppose we’ll go to play football next week.

—Terrific! Playing football is a lot of fun. I’d like to you.

A. visit B. join C. follow D. meet

18. —Can you give me a cigarette?

—Sorry. My cigarettes have .

A. run out B. finished off

C. smoked out D. stayed away from

19. Harbin is very cold in winter. You’d better warm clothes if you go there.

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—Thanks, I will.

A. put on B. wear C. pack D. buy

20. —What did the doctor say?

—He me not to eat too much meat.

A. stopped B. suggested

C. warned D. allowed

21. She sent me an e?鄄mail for information about the final exam.

A. asked B. asks C. asking D. ask

22. I met my old friend in the street .

A. one day B. some day

C. some days D. a day

23. —Jim, it’s so nice of you to help me.

— .

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A. You’re right B. My pleasure

C. No problem D. It’s my turn

24. —Did you have any one the trees?

—Yes, I have the trees .

A. to water; water B. to water; watered

C. water; to be water D. water; watered

25. That watch me lots of time to mend.

A. spent B. paid C. took D. cost

26. There’s cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the supermarket and get ?

A. little; some B. little; any

C. few; some D. few; any

27. —When shall we go to the park?

—Let’s it tomorrow, OK?

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A. take B. get C. make D. have

28. Last year, our company earned dollars.

A. four millions B. four millions of

C. millions of D. million of

29. Can you give me a to the station?

A. hand B. drive C. ring D. lift

30. —How are you getting on with your cousin?

—Great, if we are free, we often drop a to each other.

A. word B. letter C. line D. talk

31. I don’t know if he tomorrow.

Please let me know if he .

A. comes; comes

B. will come; comes

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C. comes; will come

D. will come; will come

32. —Look, there’s man at the door.

—Oh, that’s my old friend.

A. some B. any C. no D. other

33. —We never know he is.

—They say he is a doctor.

A. whom B. what C. which D. where

34. —Could you help me with my English? — .

A. No way B. It’s a pleasure

C. Out of question D. Out of the question

35. —Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?

—No, dear. They don’t well. Put them in the fridge instead.

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A. keep B. fit C. get D. last

36. —The medicine tastes so bad.

—It surely does. But it will you good.

A. give B. want C. do D. help

37. —I’m going to buy another skirt.

—Hey, you’d better be with your money.

A. busy B. kind C. careful D. free

38. —How much will I pay for the meal?

—Thirty dollars will all you want to have.

A. use B. cover C. cost D. spend

39. —Did anybody go out?

— . I didn’t see anybody go out.

A. I can’t say B. I guess so

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C. I hope not D. I don’t think so

40. —How do you go to school every day?

—I on my bicycle.

A. ride B. drive C. take D. walk

41. —When shall we meet again?

—Make it day you like, it’s all the same to me.

A. one B. another C. some D. any

42. —We had a that the one who lost the game must sing a song.

—But we lost the game.

A. rule B. goal C. way D. notice

43. —Shall we go to the concert tonight?

—Sorry, I can’t the time for doing that.

A. spend B. cost C. afford D. pay

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44. Did you enjoy the days you spent in Beijing during the Spring Festival?

A. that B. when C. what D. where

45. —You must finish this work by nine o’clock this evening.

—Sure, but you ought to help for me.

A. provide B. offer C. afford D. give

46. —Her death is a mystery.

—I think the police will make it to us soon.

A. certain B. true C. clear D. correct

47. The story was so funny that all of us couldn’t laughing.

A. help B. stop C. continue D. finish

48. —Why did you all go swimming Tom?

—Because he was ill at home.

A. with B. besides C. except D. beside

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49. —I can’t open this jar.

—Well, let me have a .

A. hand B. open C. tooth D. go

50. —In western countries when people eat in the restaurant, they usually the cost.

—Yeah. This is called “Going Dutch.”

A. pay B. cost C. pay for D. share.

1. 与时间段连用应使用延续性动词,从句意“我听说雪还将持续两天”可知选B。

2. 宾语从句应使用陈述句语序,排除A与D,从主从句的时态照应上可知此题选B。

3. 与衣服相关的名词,应选用taste,句意是一些人在衣服上的品味差,选B。

4. arrive in 意为“到达”,后接大地点,see off意为“送别”,leave for表示“离开……去……”,go back意为“返回”。选C。此句的home之前有his修饰,可见是名词,若选D该在back之后加上to。

5. 本题的答案意为“我只喜欢棒球”,而none but正是“只”的意思,所以该选D。but作介词不与nether连用。

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6. fall off意思是“下降,跌落”,fall over 意为“向前摔倒”,fall into表示“落入,掉进”,fall behind意为“落后,掉队”,从句意上看选B。

7. 修饰名词pants 应用a pair of 不用a copy或 a piece,故选D。

8. 从句意“我们从头开始这项工作,好吗?”可知,答语是从我们中断的地方开始吧。用副词where,选C。

9. 此题考查动词的引申含义,story意为“谎言”,而答语是:我不相信你的谎言。buy意为“相信”,相当于believe,故选A。

10. everything 着重强调整体,意为“所有的,一切事”,从答语“我的数学不及英语好”,可知,此处用everything,选A。

11. 后一句话的意思是“新裤子与他的新外套不协调。”go with有“相匹,搭配”之意,do with表示“处理,对付”。故选A。

12. 体育馆见证了很多场精彩的比赛。这是答语,而动词see有“见证”的意思,故选C。

13. 很明显空白处应使用 the cars,避免重复,用代词the ones或those来代替,故选B。

14. 本题也是考查动词的引申含义,reach意为“联系”,你通常能够用这个电话号码联系到他。选D。

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15. 空白处应填一个能带复合宾语的动词,排除B与C。make强调动作,门本来是开着的,就让它开着吧。故选D。

16. 答句实际上是一个省略句,其后省略了made her so upset,答语用作主语,只能用动名词短语作主语,故选C。

17. 加入到某个团体、党派或组织中用join,加入到某人(群)中去也是用join,故选B。

18. 介词from后要带有宾语,故排除。run out表示“用完、耗尽”。句意是:“对不起,我的烟抽完了。”选A。

19. 此句告诉你如果去哈尔滨的话,要带上暖和的衣服,而不是穿上暖和的衣服。pack意为“打包,包装”,故选C。

20. 此句是v + sb. + (not) to do sth. 结构,A与B不能这样用,如果用allow,应使用not allow sb to do sth,故选C。

21. 空格处用非谓语动词,现在分词短语用作e?鄄mail的后置定语,故选C。

22. some day 表示“某一天”时,只能用于将来,而one day既可以指过去的某一天,也可以指将来的某一天。本句是一般过去时,故选A。

23. It’s nice of you to help me. 带有“感谢”或“感激”之意,故答语是“不用谢”或“别客气”,选B。

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24. 上句是have sb. do sth.结构,下句是have sth. done结构,二者都表示“请某人做某事”,故选D。

25. 句意是:那块手表花了我很多时间来修理,故选C。

26. 通过后句可知,食用油不多了,用little修饰不可数名词oil,表否定意思,而后句是一个表示客气请求的句子,用some,不用any。选A。

27. “make it +时间”常用来表示“将时间定在……”,故选C。

28. million / thousand / hundred用在具体的数词后时,只用单数,不带of,表示抽象的数目的常不与数词连用,后用复数并与of连用。选C。

29. give sb. a lift表示“让某人搭便车”,故选D。

30. drop在句中意为“写,寄”,drop sb. a line意为“给某人写封便信”。故选C。

31. 前一句是由if(是否)引导的一个宾语从句,从时间上看,用将来时,后一句是if引导的条件状语从句,从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选B。

32. 这是一个肯定句,不能用any或no,some表示“一些”时,常与复数名词连用,表示“某一”时,常与单数名词连用。故选A。

33. 通过下句的答语:他是一名医生。可知上句谈的是职业,故选B。

34. no way用来表示拒绝,意为“没门”,B意为“不用谢”,C项表示“没问题”,

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D项表示“不可能,办不到”。故选C。

35. keep有“保存”的意思,fit意为“适合”,last表示“持续”,句意是:桃子不好保存。故选A。

36. do sb. good是固定词组,意为“对某人有好处”。故选C。

37. be busy with sth.表示“忙于做某事”,be careful with sth.意为“当心、小心某事”。本句提醒对方不要乱花钱。选C。

38. A、D两项的主语应该是人,C项的主语应该是物,意为“花费”。cover意为“够付……的钱。”此句意为:30美元够付你所有想要的钱。选B。

39. 后一句的答语“我没有看见任何人出去”,暗示了没有人出去。选D。

40. ride表示“骑”的动作,后接车、马之类的名词,而ride on则表示“坐着,骑着”,强调状态。B、C、D均不合句意,故选A。

41. 通过答语可知,你定在任何一天都可以。any在肯定句中表示“任何”,后一般接单数名词,故选D。

42. 后面的定语从句“输掉比赛的人必须唱一首歌。”实际上是一个“规定”或“规矩”。故选A。

43. spend time (in) doing sth,表示“花时间做某事”。而这儿用的是介词for, afford有“抽出(时间)”之意。B、D均不符,故选C。

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44. 定语从句中的spent 是一个及物动词,它要带宾语,所以只能选用连接代词that,故选A。

45. offer带双宾语,而offer sb. sth.相当于offer sth. to sb.与本句不合。而provide sth. for sb.表示“为某人提供某物”,故选A。

46. make后接形容词作宾语补足语,从句意上看应该是“把它弄清楚”。故选C。

47. can’t help doing sth. 是固定搭配,表示“情不自禁做某事”,故选A。

48. 本题问句的意思是“为什么除了Tom外,你们都去游泳了?”言外之意Tom没有去游泳。A、D明显不符,except表示“除……之外”,而besides表示,“除了……(还包括)”。故选C。

49. have a go 相当于want a go 或have a try是固定用法,表示“试一下”。故选D。

50. “Going Dutch”是AA制,也就是各付各的帐,也就是大家共同分担费用,故选D。

1. 我通过大声朗读学英语。

误:I learn English with / in reading aloud.

正:I learn English by reading aloud.

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析:介词by, with和in都可表示“用……方法”之意,但by强调方式,后常接V-ing,with一般表示利用有形的工具或器官,后常接名词,in表示用某种方式、原料或语言,后常接名词。

2. 别害怕向别人求助。

误:Don’t be afraid to ask for help.

正:Don’t be afraid of asking for help.

析:be afraid to do sth.表示“因害怕而不愿意干某事”,be afraid of doing sth.表示“那些我们自己并不希望、也不能决定而突然发生在我们身上的事情”。

3. 如果你不仔细复习功课,你会在不久的考试中失败。

误:You will not fail in your coming exams unless you don’t review your lessons.

正:You will fail in your coming exams unless you review your lessons.

正:You will fail in your coming exams if you don’t review your lessons.

析:unless意为“除非;如果不”,是从属连词,引导条件状语从句,含有否定意义,相当于if条件状语从句的否定形式(即unless = if…not)。

4.林涛过去常常晚到校。

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误:Lin Tao used to getting to school late.

正:Lin Tao used to get to school late.

析:“used to + 动词原形”表示“过去经常做某事”,表示过去的习惯;而be used to表示“习惯于……”,to是介词,后面可接名词或V-ing形式。如:The writer is used to staying up late at night. 那位作家习惯熬夜。

5. 我相信最后一切都会好起来的。

误:I’m sure everything will turn out all right finally.

正:I’m sure everything will turn out all right in the end.

析:finally和in the end均可表示“最后”,但前者不用来谈论将来的事,而后者则可用来谈论将来。

6. 即使我成了百万富翁,我也不会忘记我的穷朋友们。

误:Even I become a millionaire, I shall never forget my poor friends.

正:Even if I become a millionaire, I shall never forget my poor friends.

析:even可作副词,不可作连词,所以不能引导从句。若须用让步状语从句,应该用even though或even if,表示“即使……”。

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7. 你父亲为什么不戒烟?

误:Why didn’t your father give up to smoke?

正:Why didn’t your father give up smoking?

析:give up意为“放弃”,后面接V-ing形式,不接动词原形或不定式。

8.这是一条八千米长的街道。

误:This is an 8,000 metre long street.

正:This is an 8,000-metre-long street.

析:由“数词 + 名词”构成的复合形容词用作前置定语时,除数词与名词之间须用连字符外,名词只能以单数形式出现。如:a five-star flag一面五星红旗,an 800-word composition一篇八百字的文章。

9. 好好学习,天天向上。

误:Learn hard and make progress every day.

正:Study hard and make progress every day.

析:虽然study和learn均表示“学习”,但用于祈使句或与副词hard连用时,通常只用study,而不用learn。study和learn之间的另一区别是:前者多指学习的过程,后

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者多指学习的结果。

10. 楼下的那家人已搬迁到另一座城市去了。

误:The downstairs family have moved to another city.

正:The family downstairs have moved to another city.

析:downstairs与upstairs用作定语,修饰名词时,必须后置。类似的副词还有:here, there, above等。

11. 他为有可能把钱全弄丢而焦虑不安。

误:He was anxious for the possibility of losing all his money.

正:He was anxious about the possibility of losing all his money.

析:be anxious about / for都可表示“为……而忧愁 / 着急”,通常情况下,be anxious about后接“事”;而be anxious for后接“人”。再如:We have been anxious for you. 我们一直为你们着急。

12. 他假装没有听说过这件事。

误:He pretended not hearing about it.

正:He pretended not to hear about it.

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析:pretend意为“假装”,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。作及物动词时,后面常接名词、不定式或从句作宾语。

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13. 学校每天给学生们提供水。

误:The school provides students for water every day.

正:The school provides students with water every day.

析:表示“为某人提供某物”可说provide sb. with sth. 或provide sth. for sb.,不能说provide sb. sth.。

14. 他想尽快完成这项工作。

误:He would like to finish the job at fast as possible.

正:He would like to finish the job as soon as possible.

析:as fast as possible与as soon as possible均有“尽快”之意,但前者强调“速度”上的“尽快”,后者强调时间上的“尽早”。

15. “和我们一起玩好吗?”“谢谢,我非常愿意。”

误:“Will you join us?” “Thank you, my pleasure.”

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正:“Will you join us?” “Thank you, with pleasure.”

析:my pleasure主要用于回答感谢,其意为“别客气”“不用谢”;with pleasure用于回答请求或邀请,其意为“好的”“没问题”“十分愿意”。此外,my pleasure也可说成:It’s my pleasure / It’s a pleasure / Pleasure was all mine / The pleasure is mine等。

16. 我们看见有一片云朝我们飘过来。

误:We saw another cloud coming to us.

正:We saw another cloud coming towards us.

析:to, towards都可以和表示位移的动词go, come, move, walk, return等连用,只是to表示“位移的终点”即“到达”之意。我们所说“黑云压顶”却绝不至于真的碰着你的头皮,故例句中只能用towards。

17. 我们在旅馆里没有找到一个空床位。

误:We haven’t got a bed empty in the house.

正:We haven’t got a bed vacant in the house.

析:empty是full的反义词,与名词连用表示“空荡荡的;空无一物的”,而vacant与名词连用则表示“(暂时)未被人(或物)占用的”,故把empty改成vacant。

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18. 天肯定要下雨。

误:It’s certain of raining.

正:It’s certain to rain.

析:“certain + of / about + 名词或V-ing形式”表示“某人对……确信不疑”,通常以人作主语。certain后接动词不定式时,表示“某事肯定会发生”。

19. 街上挤满了人。

误:The street was crowded by people.

正:The street was crowded with people.

析:be crowded with意为“挤满了……;塞满了……”,这里的crowded没有被动含义,而是过去分词作表语,介词用with,不用by。

正:We were very pleased with the girl.

析:“对某人感到满意”用be pleased with sb 来表示,不能用at代替with。但当表达“对某事感到满意”时,可用be pleased with / at / about sth。如:They were pleased with / at / about her work. 他们对她的工作很满意。

21. 布朗先生对中国不太了解,所以向我们提不出什么建议。

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误:Mr Brown doesn’t know much about China, so he can’t advise us about it.

正:Mr Brown doesn’t know much about China, therefore he can’t advise us about it.

正:so意为“因此;所以”,常用于简洁的会话和日常的文体中,推论不必严密;而therefore意为“因此;所以”,较正式,常用于数学逻辑和其他精确的推论中,特别用以表示严正的推理。

22. 他没有认真瞄准靶子,所以没打中。

误:He didn’t aim on the target carefully so he missed it.

正:He didn’t aim at the target carefully so he missed it.

析:表示“对……瞄准”要用aim at,at指方向或目标,并含有具体的针对性。

23. 屋子中间有一张桌子,上面有一盏亮着的灯。

误:In the middle of the room stood a table with a lit lamp on it.

正:In the middle of the room stood a table with a lighted lamp on it.

析:light的过去分词有lighted和lit两种形式,作前置定语时应该用lighted,其他情况多用lit。

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24. 不久,天空中出现了星星。

误:Soon the stars were appeared in the sky.

误:Soon the sky appeared the stars.

正:Soon the stars appeared in the sky.

析:appear意为“出现”时是不及物动词,因此其后不能有宾语,也不能用于被动语态。

25. 他告诉我他改天来看我。

误:He told me that he would come to see me some day.

正:He told me that he would come to see me someday.

析:some day和someday意思不一样,前者表示“某一天”,后者表示“改天;有朝一日”。

26. 只有一个中国,是中国不可分割的一部分。

误:There is one China and Taiwan is a part of it.

正:There is one China and Taiwan is part of it.

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析:part of意为“……的一部分”,指某物(人)是一个整体不可分割的一部分,强调整体性;a part of意为“……的一部分”,它是构成总体的一部分或一小部分,不强调整体性。

1.大家都想知道昨天夜里他发生了什么事。

误: Everyone wants to know what was happened about him last night.

正: Everyone wants to know what happened to him last night.

解析:其一,happen是不及物动词,没有被动语态形式;其二,表示“某人发生某事”,用“happen to sb.”。

2.汤姆宁可待在家里也不愿和我们一起去看电影。

误: Tom preferred staying at home rather than going to the cinema with us.

正: Tom preferred to stay at home rather than go to the cinema with us

解析:prefer to... rather than...译为“宁可……也不愿……”后接动词原形,而prefer... to...中的“to”是介词,这两个词后面都接名词或动名词。如:

Tom preferrd staying at home to going to the cinema with us.

3.在我们班有五分之三的学生是女孩。

误: In our class three fifth of the students are girls.

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正: In our class three fifths of the students are girls.

解析:英语分数的表达法是:分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于一时,分母的序数词后要加“s”。如:三分之一 one third,三分之二 two thirds。

4.经常听见露茜在隔壁唱歌。

误:Lucy is often heard sing in the next room.

正:Lucy is often heard to sing in the next room.

解析:see, hear, watch, feel等感官动词和let, make, have等使役动词后面接不定式作宾补时,主动语态中要省略“to”,而被动语态里则不能省略。又如:

The boy is often made to clean the classroom.

5.当我们到火车站时,火车已开走半小时了。

误: When we got to the station, the train had left for half an hour.

正: When we got to the station, the train had been away for half an hour.

解析:在英语中,短暂性动词和延续性动词可以用于完成时,但不能与表一段时间的状语连用。若后面需接一段时间,就要把该动词变成相应的延续性动词或短语。如:begin — be on, borrow — keep, buy — have, join — be in(be a...), leave — be away, come — be stay, die — be dead, get to know — know。

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6.不要紧,你只是有点感冒。

误:Never mind, you’ve just caught a bit cold.

正:Never mind, you’ve just caught a bit of cold.

解析:a bit后面接形容词,而a bit of后面接名词或代词。本句词组catch a cold中的“cold”是名词,所以用“a bit of”。

7.我不想让妈妈知道李萍今晚是否来看我。

误: I won’t let mother know if Li Ping comes to see me this evening.

正: I won’t let mother know if Li Ping will come to see me this evening.

解析:“李萍今晚来看我”是一个由if引导的宾语从句,并且是将来时,故用will come。只有当if作“如果”讲,且主句是将来时、或含情态动词、或是祈使句其三者之一时,才用所谓“主将从现”的形式。如:

1) Shell invite me to have dinner with her if she is free this Sunday.

2) You must stop if the light turns red.

3) Tell John about it if he comes back.

8.杰克问我小强住几楼。

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误:Jack asks me which floor does Xiaoqiang live.

正:Jack asks me which floor Xiaoqiang lives on.

解析:其一,“小强住几楼”是宾语从句,译成英语时要用“陈述句语序”。其二,“住”live是不及物动词,“住几楼”应是“live on the ... floor”。疑问代词which实际上是on的宾语。所以,此句中词尾的介词on不能丢。再如:

1) Whom are you waiting for

2) What is Tonny listening to

3) I really don’t know what to write about.

9.明天我要找人修一下自行车。

误:I will have my bike to repair tomorrow.

正:I will have my bike repaired tomorrow.

解析:“找某人做某事”应该是“have sth. done”。 又如:

I will have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理理发。“cut”在这里是过去分词。

10.他有足够多的时间完成这项工作。

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误: He has much time enough to finish the work.

正: He has enough time to finish the work.

解析:enough修饰名词时,要放在该名词前面,如果修饰形容词或副词,则放在该形容词或副词的后面。如:

There’s enough food in the fridge.

John runs fast enough to catch up with the others.

11.在十九世纪六十年代,数百名欧洲人来到了这个城市。

误:In 1860s, hundreds of Europeans came to this city.

正:In the 1860s, hundreds of Europeans came to this city.

解析:表示“在……世纪……年代”时,年份后面不但加“s”,而且前面还要有“the”。如果表示“在哪年”,就只需用“in+年份”,如:in 1860。

12.我不在时帮我照顾小孩,你真是太好了。

误:It’s very nice for you to take care of my baby while I was away.

正:It’s very nice of you to take care of my baby while I was away.

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解析:在描述人的品质、性格时用of。如:

He is a man of few words.他是个寡言少语的人。

Its very kind of you to give me so much help!给我这么多帮助,你真是太好了!

在“Its +形容词+for sb.+不定式短语+其他”的句子中,“for”译为“对……来说”。

如: Its very important for us to learn English well.这里的“for”不能换成“to”。

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