2020届上海14区高三英语二模汇编：阅读A

2020届宝山区高三英语二模 Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

In 2008, someone, or perhaps a group of people, using the name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper to an online group that discussed cryptography (密码使用法). That paper described a process that would use cryptography to create a secure electronic cash system, now known as a cryptocurrency (加密货币). Person to person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial institution. Each deal could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to prove those deals safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.

Today, there are well over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be feasible global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.

One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual \"wallets \"or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another. In recent years, clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.

Another problem is the large number of fake cryptocurrencies that are advertised on the internet. The advertisements invite internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded by the websites to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims' money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites. 56. What does the article explain about Satoshi Nakamoto?

A. Satoshi's background in international banking and investment B. Satoshi's grave doubts about the true value of cryptocurrencles C. Satoshi's close partnership with suspicious financial institutions D. Satoshi's contribution to the development of the digital economy

57. According to this article, what is true about numerous cryptocurrency websites?

A. They and their users have been robbed.

B. They've revealed the identities of their users. C. They reward their users with cool prizes. D. They arrange recreational events for users. 58. What does the article indicate about the cryptocurrency industry?

A. It's had to lay off lots of workers. B. It's celebrating a profitable year. C. It's facing some serious challenges.

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2020届上海14区高三英语二模汇编：阅读A（菁准考 整理）

D. It's set a very high moral standard.

59. According to this article, why are Facebook and Google limiting cryptocurrency advertising?

A. Few cryptocurrencies need to be marketed. B. They've created their own cryptocurrency. C. They don't listen to cryptocurrency fans. D. Too many cryptocurrencies aren't real. 参：56－59 DACD

2020届崇明区高三英语二模

(A)

A growing number of American states are requiring schools to teach students “media literacy” skills. California is the latest state to pass such a requirement. Media literacy, also known as news literacy, is the ability to use critical thinking skills to recognize differences between real and “fake” news.

The new law requires California’s Department of Education to provide materials related to media literacy on its website. Its goal is to give students a set of effective tools to “enable them to make informed decisions”.

The media literacy efforts were based on a Stanford University study from 2016. It found that 80 percent of U.S. middle school students failed to recognize an advertisement that looked like a real news story. The researchers also found that high school students had trouble telling the difference between a real and a fake news website.

The study called for more efforts to help students recognize false information on the internet. It said that young people also need the skills to find out where news stories come from, and to be able to judge the trustworthiness of sources and writers.

Carolyn Edy is a professor of communication at Appalachian State University in North Carolina. She said she has seen a clear change in her students’ abilities to judge news sources. Edy said that when students used to read printed newspapers, it was easier for them to recognize fact from opinion. Now, it’s necessary to teach students how to fully examine websites.

One of Edy’s goals is to teach students how to research the news organizations responsible for the stories they are reading. One way to do this is for students to ask a series of questions. One example is, “What is the overall mission of the organization?”

Edy said young people also need to judge whether news organizations identify any possible

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2020届上海14区高三英语二模汇编：阅读A（菁准考 整理）

conflicts of interest. Another question to ask is, “What do they do when they get a story wrong?” Responsible and trustworthy news organizations issue corrections if something is falsely reported, she said.

Edy added that one good thing to come out of the rise of misinformation and fake news is that it has made many people seek out good reporting.

56.The new law passed in California mainly aims at __________.

A. helping students identify fake news B. improving students’ critical thinking skills C. offering students real information

D. enabling students to make quick decisions

57.Why does the author mention the Stanford University study? A. To present the details of the law.

B. To provide a set of tools for the law.

C. To show the reason behind the law. D. To indicate the efforts based on the law.

58.Which is a way suggested by Carolyn Edy for students to judge the trustworthiness of a news organization?

A. Identifying the conflicts of interest in it. B. Correcting its falsely reported news stories. C. Learning about its background information. D. Asking a series of questions about its news.

59.The passage mainly tells us that media literacy ____________. A. can contribute to the rise of good news reporting B.is becoming much more important with the law passed C. can improve American students’ understanding of news D.is increasingly recognized as essential for students in the US

参：56. A 57. C 58. C

2020届奉贤区高三英语二模

59. D

(A)

One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover (盘旋) and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While you're thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me.

A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the

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bee has had her fill, she’ll fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4,000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.

The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. Literally--I never go bad.

Unfortunately, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit. I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much--to you, to me--without ever asking for anything in return.

56. What does “me” refer to in the passage?

A. The flower. B. The bee. C. Water. 57. What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about?

A. Bees' special talent. C. Bees' living environment.

D. Honey.

B. Bees' hard work.

D. Bees' social behavior.

58. Which one of the following is true according to the passage? A. A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.

B. Before “me” is sealed off in beeswax, the drying process can take a few nights.

C. The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually. D. Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens. 59. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To appeal for help for honeybees. B. To talk about the history of a treasure. C. To put forward techniques for gardeners. D. To argue against the control of chemicals.

参：56-59 DBBA

2020届虹口区高三英语二模 Section B

Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough: living a hard

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life, working part time, being a couch potato before getting that major role. Shelby, the star of “A Dog’s Way Home,” has a hard-luck tale that could top them all. Before her big break, she was living in a landfill, rooting through garbage for her next meal.

Shelby’s big break came in April 2017, when animal-control officer Megan Buhler was driving in Cheatham County. Tennessee. Out on an unrelated call, Buhler spotted and approached what she recalled was a noticeably scared puppy emerging from the dump. “I knelt down and just said, ‘Oh, come here, baby,’” said Buhler. “She was so scared, but she came right up to me, and I was able to put her in my truck.” The pair headed to the county animal shelter, where the staff began calling the new resident Baby Girl.

Buhler and others didn’t know that 3,200 kilometers away, Hollywood was looking for a dog to play Bella in a film written by Cathryn Michon. The find-a-Bella job went to freelance trainer Teresa Ann Miler. Her mission was to search shelters nationwide for a dog that could play Bella. One day, Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo. “Honestly, it was a really good picture, and she was flat - out smiling,” Miller said. Then she met Baby Girl, and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands. After assessment, she adopted Baby Girl from the shelter, renamed her Shelby and took her to California for training. Miller and Shelby trained for just over three months before filming began. Then they were together each day on the set.

Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance. Variety made the comments “an amazing dog, perfect performance!”

Shelby has come a long way from the dump. But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash. “She’s exactly the same,” Buhler said.

56. Why does the author mention an actor’s struggle before a career breakthrough at the very beginning?

A. To make a sharp contrast between an actor’s struggle and a dog’s struggle. B. To introduce a dog’s similar but even more striking experiences. C. To attract reader’s attention by giving dramatic examples. D. To clearly point out the main idea of the passage. 57. What finally helped Baby Girl get the big role in the film? A. Her adoption picture. B. Her flat-out smiling.

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C. her personality and ability. D. Her miserable experiences.

58. By saying “She is exactly the same” in the last paragraph, Buhler probably means __________.

A. the dog returned to the piles of trash where she found it B. it took quite a lot of trouble for the dog to change her own fate. C. she’s really excited to see the dog she helped live such a happy life D. the dramatic change of the dog’s life hasn’t changed her inner quality 59. What do you think may serve as the best title of the passage?

A. The Success of “A Dog’s Way Home”. B. From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star. C. The Trainer and Her Star Dog. D. Shelby’s Hard-luck Story. 参：

56 - 59 BCDB

2020届黄浦区高三英语二模

(A)

Katherine Jonson,winner of the presidential medial of freedom,refused to be limited by society5 expectations of her gender and race while expanding the borders of humanity’s reach--President Barack Obama,2015

Using little more than a pencil,a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country,Mrs.Johnson, who died at 101,calculated the precise path that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and,after Neil Armstrong's history-making moonwalk,let it return to Earth Wet throughout Mrs.Johnson's 33 years in NASAN& Flight Research Division and for decades afterward,almost no one knew her name.She was just one of those unheralded women who,well before the modem feminist(女权）movement,worked as NASA mathematicians.But it was not only her gender that kept her long marginalized and long unsung Katherine Johnson,a West Virginia native,was also African-American.

But over time,the work of Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues--countless calculations done mainly by hand,using slide rules,chart paper and inefficient desktop calculating machines--won them a level of acceptance that for the most competitive race. “NASA was a very professional organization,\"Mrs.Johnson told The Observer of

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Fayetteville,N.C.,in 2010. \"They didn't have time to be concerned about what color I was.\"Nor,she said,did she.“I don't have a feeling of inferiority,\"Mrs.Johnson said on at least one occasion.“Never had.I m as good as anybody,but no better.\"

To the end of her life,Mrs.Johnson refused praise for her role in sending astronauts into space,keeping them on course and bringing them safely home.\"I was just doing my job,\"Mrs.Johnson repeatedly said so.But what a job it was--done,no less,by a woman born at a time when the odds were more likely that she would die before age 35 than even finish high school.

56. The underlined word “unheralded”most probably means______. A. not adequately paid B. not previously mentioned C. not officially rewarded. D. not fast promoted

57. It was ___________ put together that made Mrs. Johnson a miracle. A. her skin color, her gender and the facilities B. her gender, her intelligence and the facilities C. her skin color, her gender and her intelligence D. her intelligence, her skin color and the facilities

58. From Mrs. Johnson's comments on NASA and her own job. we can conclude that ____________.

A. she was confident and modest B. NASA shows no interest in staff's races C. She was superior to most women in her age D. NASA is professionally organized and supportive 59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Woman Made Calculations B. NASA Marginalized Mathematicians C. Gender Divided Organizations D. Mathematician Broke Barriers

参：56-59: BCAD

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2020届金山区高三英语二模

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports of clothing and other textile products.

The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufacture in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.

NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.

NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.

A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brands such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.

The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.

In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE is ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.

The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible (微不足道的) amounts of NPE.

EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.

56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found ____________________. A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE B. NPE had limited effects on aquatic species C. NPE was widely present in textile products

D. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE

57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” in Paragraph 7?

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A. is legally protected C. seems to be everywhere B. is not easy to be found D. is uncommon

58. What can we learn from the text?

A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective. B. Recycled textiles contain less NPE.

C. The new ban on imports of textiles has come into force.

D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.

59. Which section of the website does the text come from? A. Lifestyle. B. Technology. C. Business. D. Environment.

参：56-59: CCBD

2020届闵行区高三英语二模

(A)

Brooke Martin’s golden retriever(金毛猎犬) Kayla hated being left alone or separated. She would howl, pace, and chew on things. Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets. She wondered: ―What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?

Working with her father in their garage, the 16-year-old came up with several ideas. Finally, she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets! She calls the device iCPooch. ―The dog doesn’t have to answer the call,explains Brooke. ―It comes up immediately on the screen on their end. It’s a two-way audio and video—you can see and hear each other.With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!

Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for middle-school students. These finalists, selected based on their short video presentations, are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final competition in St. Paul, Minn.

After Martin’s video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge, she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson, a product development scientist in 3M’s consumer health care division. ―I just lead her down the product development path,Langer-Anderson told Live Science. This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product, which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dog’s end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.

‘One thing I have thought about a lot is, what happens if while the device is on the

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floor, what if your dog knocks it over, or scratches the screen? ’Martin said. She and Langer-Anderson discussed this, and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.

The finalists create models they can test, with the guidance from a mentor. Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling. Langer-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method, testing their hypothesis, in a determined way, ―so the kids don’t get buried in data. she said.

56. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A.“iCPooch” wins in a young scientist competition. B. A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dog hunger. C. A man-made device lets people chat with their pets. D. A kid-invented device calm dogs’ separation anxiety.

57. “iCPooch” calms pet dogs by A. allowing video chat C. answering the call

.

B. making dogs sleep D. giving them food

58. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “mentor” A. competitors

B. assistants

C. instructors

D. companions

59. What do the inventions of the finalists have in common? A. They are all new inventions dealing with pets. B. They are possible solutions to everyday problems. C. They cope with the problems related to computers. D. They are all accomplished through individual work.

参：56. D 57. A 58. C

2020届浦东新区高三英语二模 Section B

Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the

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59. B

2020届上海14区高三英语二模汇编：阅读A（菁准考 整理）

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

(A) To Be a Deaf DJ

I was born in England with perfect hearing. In 1990, when I was five, my family moved to the United States. I started getting ear infections every three months or so. We didn’t have health insurance at the time, and when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. I went deaf in my right ear and was left with 50 percent hearing in my left. Over time, my remaining hearing dropped to 20 percent, where it is today. My doctors predicted that I would be thoroughly deaf by now, so I think I’m doing pretty well.

There was always music on in my house in my childhood. I loved listening to Metallica, Led Zeppelin, Michael Jackson. My dad was a DJ, so he played disco, folk, rock, and music from other countries. For my 18th birthday, my dad asked me to deejay at the restaurant be owned. After doing that for a few weeks, I was hooded. I desired to learn more. I e-mailed DJ Shiftee, a distinguished New York City DJ, when I was 25: “I know you like a challenge. How about teaching a deaf person to deejay?” He wrote back the next day; “Challenge accepted.” He tutored me twice a week for two years, helping me develop correct technique. I practiced four hours a day.

Now when I’m performing, muscle memory takes over. When I started, I wouldn’t tell the club managers that I was deaf. I would just show up, introduce myself, and start playing music. At the end of the night, someone would say, “Oh, here’s the check.” And I’d say, “What? Oh, I can’t hear.” They were always so astonished. Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me. It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant, no out of sympathy. Eventually people started calling me “that deaf DJ,” and the name stuck.

What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity. I use software that turns the music into lines of color on a computer screen. I’m visually hearing the music. The next time you go dancing, cover your ears, and you’ll start seeing that you’re able to hear the music in a different way. Music is not all about hearing. I pay all sorts of get-togethers now, from college parties to corporate events. I also go to elementary schools for the deaf and talk to the students about motivation and believing in themselves. I’m big on talking to the parents. I tell them, “My advice to you is let your kids chase their dreams. I’m a deaf DJ, so why not?”

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56. Which of the following might result in the author’s hearing loss? A. Monthly ear infection. B. Moving to the U. S. C. Family financial hardship D. The doctors’ prediction. 57. How did DJ Shiftee help the author during his youth?

A. He taught him correct skills. B. He discovered his talent for DJ. C. He played at the restaurant for him. D. He cultivated his taste for foreign music.

58. The underlined expression in Paragraph 3 “the name stuck” probably means that _________. A. the author was in low spirits B. the author impressed people deeply C. the audience felt disappointed by the player D. the audience looked down upon the player

59. We can conclude from the passage that the author loves deejaying because _________. A. working as a DJ involves innovation B. music helps him to see the world virtually C. he motivates the kids to realize their dream D. he desires to challenge something impossible 参：56-59 CABA

2020届松江区高三英语二模

(A)

Have you ever heard of Nollywood? Nollywood is the name of the Nigerian (尼日利亚的) film industry: Nigeria is one of the largest film industries in the world based on the quantity of films produced. placing them right below India's Bollywood and above USA's Hollwood!

Born in around 1992. Nollywood is the youngest compared with the other two “woods”, and uses new forms of financing and production, Now it's in adulthood. and bigger productions have become more regular. However. this was not always the case. Although movie theaters were rare in Nigeria during earlier period. original stories

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were not. Despite lack of funds and experience. self-made directors began to use commercial video cameras to shoot their movies and sold them for home viewing. Even though this resulted in movies with low production value, the original stories instantly made them a hit. Today, the film industry is the largest employer after agriculture and makes up 5% of Nigeria's GDP.

Nigeria is a big player in the industry and it is constantly improving its craft, taking on new challenges. Nollywood is known mainly for its comedies and dramas. but we are increasingly seeing horror movies and musicals.

Although sometimes heavily criticized for low production values. Nollywood continues to grow fans worldwide. Nigerian movies now make up 11% of Nigeria's non-oil exports! The average movie is produced in 7-10 days on a budget between ￡7,000-12,000 (Hollywood's average is around ￡60 million per movie with one year production time).This is changing. however, as more filmmakers are receiving proper training and are aiming to make films up to the international standard. 56. What is the advantage of Nollywood?

A. Commercial support. B. Original stories. C. Dominant comedies. D. Fast production.

57. Which of the following statements about “woods” is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Bollywood produces more films than the other two “woods”. B. Nollywood is known as the youngest among the three “woods”.

C. Hollywood' s budget for an average movie is much less than Nollywood's. D. It takes much less time to produce a Nollywood film than a Hollywood one.

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58. We can infer from the passage that _________.

A. Nollywood's contribution to Nigera's GDP is second only to agriculture B. Nollywood makes fewer comedies and dramas than horror movies and musicals C movies made by Nollywood occupy more than 11% of Nigeria' s export industry D. more filmmakers in Nollywood are attempting to improve the quality of its films 59. The passage mainly talks about _______. A. films worth enjoying in Nigeria. B. major differences among the “woods”. C. promising future of Nollywood.

D. features and changes of Nollywood. 参：

56—59 BCDD

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2020届徐汇区高三英语二模

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Aristotle thought the face was a window onto a person’s mind. Cicero agreed. Two thousand years passed, and facial expressions are still commonly thought to be a universally valid way to judge other people’s feelings, irrespective of age, sex and culture. A raised eyebrow suggests confusion. A smile indicates happiness.

Or do they? An analysis of hundreds of research papers that examined the relationship between facial expressions and underlying emotions has uncovered a surprising conclusion: there is no good scientific evidence to suggest that there are such things as recognizable facial expressions for basic emotions which are universal across cultures. Just because a person is not smiling, the researchers found, does not mean that person is unhappy.

This may raise questions about the efforts of information-technology companies to develop artificial-intelligence algorithms (算法) which can recognize facial expressions and work out a person’s underlying emotional state. Microsoft, for example, claims its “Emotion API” is able to detect what people are feeling by examining video footage of them. Another of the study’s authors, however, expressed scepticism. Aleix Martinez, a computer engineer at Ohio State University, said that companies attempting to obtain emotions from images of faces have failed to understand the importance of context.

For a start, facial expression is but one of a number of non-verbal ways，such as body posture, that people use to communicate with each other. Machine recognition of emotion needs to take account of these as well. But context can reach further than that. Dr Martinez mentioned an experiment in which participants were shown a close-up picture of a man’s face, which was bright red with his mouth open in a scream. Based on this alone, most participants said the man was extremely angry. Then the whole picture was shown. It was a football player with his arms outstretched, celebrating a goal. His angry-looking face was, in fact, a show of pure joy.

Given that people cannot guess each other’s emotional states most of the time, Dr Martinez sees no reason computers would be able to. “There are companies right now claiming to be able to do that and apply this to places I find really scary and dangerous, for example, in hiring people,” he says. “Some companies require you to present a video resume, which is analyzed by a machine-learning system. And depending on your facial expressions, they hire you or not, which I find really shocking.”

56. We can learn from the second paragraph that __________. A. facial expressions are universal across cultures B. it is hard to recognize some facial expressions C. emotions and facial expressions may not be related D. common facial expressions convey similar meanings

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57. In the passage, the word “scepticism” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “__________”. A. similar interest B. fierce anger C. strong support D. great doubt 58. The experiment mentioned by Dr Martinez may prove that ___________. A. facial expression is an important way to communicate B. machine recognition of emotion is not reliable at all C. facial expression is not the only way to detect feelings D. people may misread facial expressions for lack of context 59. What does this passage mainly tell us?

A. Facial expressions are among the most universal forms of body language. B. Computers can detect people’s mind by analyzing their facial expressions. C. Facial expressions may not be the reliable reflection of a person’s emotions. D. Companies can depend on machine recognition of emotion to hire people. 参： 56-59 CDDC

2020届杨浦区高考英语二模

（A)

For almost 500 years, people have wondered what deadly disease wiped out most of the Aztecs（阿芝特克人）. The locals called it cocolizthi, and now a team of scientists think they know exactly what that was. The outbreak is considered to be one of the deadliest epidemics（传染病）in human history. For centuries, its cause has been debated by historians. New evidence suggests that the Aztecs died from a type of bacteria called salmonella enterica.

An international team of scientists came to this conclusion after analysing the skeletons（骨骼） of 29 Aztecs buried in a cocoliztli cemetery in the Oaxaca region of Mexico. The scientists obtained samples from the teeth of ten of the skeletons. They compared these with their database of bacteria and found traces of salmonella enterica.

Salmonella enterica can cause enteric fever, of which typhoid（伤寒）is a type. Today, there are around 21 million cases of typhoid worldwide and it is considered a global threat.

The Aztecs were fierce hunter-gatherers who settled in what is now Mexico at the beginning of the 13th century. From their incredible capital city Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City), the Aztecs fought wars with other tribes until they ruled much of the region.

The Aztecs ended up controlling large parts of Mesoamerica --now much of Mexico and Central America -- until Spanish explorers arrived in 1519 and brought with them advanced weapons and deadly diseases. The team believe that the domesticated animals, such as goats and horses, which the explorers brought with

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them carried the deadly bacteria.

By 15, not even 30 years after the Spanish had arrived, Mexico’s Aztec nation started coming down with a terrible illness. Symptoms included high fever, headaches and bleeding from the eyes, nose and mouth. Within five years, up to 15 million people--- more than 80% of the population at the time--had died from the mystery illness they called cocoliztli. The Aztec people had no immunity（免疫） to fight the disease.

“We cannot say with certainty that salmonella enterica was the cause of the cocolizti epidemic,” said Kirsten Bos from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Germany. “We do believe that it should be considered a strong candidate.”

56. ________ helped the scientists come to the conclusion. A. Certain traces of deadly diseases carried by goats and horses B. Extensive comparison of Aztecs buried in a cocoliztli cemetery C. Definite discoveries of infected tooth samples from the database D. Small amounts of certain bacteria in the teeth of the skeletons 57. Which of the following is TRUE about the Aztecs? A. They had a population of about 15 million around 15. B. Their livelihood depended on raising domesticated animals. C. Their population dropped sharply in the middle 16th century. D. They won the wars with the Spanish despite being poorly equipped. 58. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _________. A. cocolizti epidemic B. salmonella enterica

C. the typhoid D. the Max Planck Institute 59. The passage is mainly about ________. A. how the Aztecs got infected with salmonella enterica B. why the Aztecs had no immunity to fight typhoid C. which reason caused the Aztecs to abandon their native land D. what led to the military and economic decline of the Aztecs

参： 56-59 D C B A

2020届长宁区高三英语二模 Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

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(A)

When an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico, I didn’t check my schedule before I said yes. I’d seen these insects light up the forests in Tlaxcala once before, and I jumped at the chance to go back.

I had three nights to capture the magical scene in the forest. Camera stand in hand, I hiked with my colleagues into the foggy forest at dusk. According to our guides, visitors are usually not allowed to photograph the fireflies because the presence of artificial light from electronics can affect their habits. As I started shooting, I adjusted my exposures constantly to account for the fading light. In order to get the composition that I wanted, I placed my camera stand on a steep, rocky path and had to steady it during the long exposures. Normally this wouldn’t be a big deal, but the fireflies were very interested in the camera and, by extension, in me. I stood completely still while they crawled all over me—my arms, my hair, my face—and tickled (呵痒) my nose and cheeks. From what I observed, peak firefly presence happens for only about 20 minutes each night, so I had time for just a few tries.

On the last night everything came together. The weather cooperated. I had improved my method for focusing and composing in the dark with quick flashes from a powerful flashlight—and I’d grown accustomed to insects on my face. I was rewarded with the image you see here. Each spot of light is one of several bursts that a firefly makes as it travels in a 30-second exposure. You can trace the insects’ paths: Some make small circles, like those in the bottom center of the frame, while others move steadily in one direction or another.

The first time I visited the fireflies, I didn’t have the pressure of trying to capture and convey this astonishing scene. That will always be my favorite experience with these shining creatures. 56. According to the passage, the author most probably is a(n) ______. A. field biologist B. insect observer C. expert photographer hiker

D. mountain

57. The author placed the camera stand on a steep and rocky path to ______. A. make up for the dying light B. keep away from the annoying fireflies C. obtain an ideal image D. catch peak firefly presence 58. We can learn from the passage that the author ______. A. was accused of capturing wild fireflies B. endured physically to get first-hand firefly shots

C. was tired of the exposure to dark forests D. got his most satisfying image on the second night

59. What does the author think of his experience in the forest? A. Fascinating. B. Passionate. C. Surprising.

参：56-59 CCBA 2020届嘉定区高三英语二模 Section B

Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or

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D. Miserable.

2020届上海14区高三英语二模汇编：阅读A（菁准考 整理）

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

People generally see themselves through achievements. In doing that, they end up caring more about their image than the reality of who they actually are. Rather than their work doing the talking, they end up defining themselves by external markers that they hope will earn them respect.

The problem with this is that it encourages both themselves and other people to judge their worth based on some relatively unimportant measure. For example, one day, their educational diploma may overshadow what they actually learned. Therefore, a better way to know a person, I think, is to ask a different set of questions: What motivates them? What makes them ache? What do they long for?

It’s in this spirit that I want to publicly share my values. They are the compass（罗盘）that guides my life. The kindest and most sincere thing I can do is to see, recognize, and understand another person before I make judgments. From there, I can learn to treat others appropriately, depending on the context, learning from my mistakes with time and experience. It’s just a reminder that life is hard for all of us, while at the same time accepting that it’s important we are all also held accountable for our actions.

I have learned that we are all deeply self-interested. I hope to be self-aware enough to check out of the power and status games. That means I’m not competing with anyone for a shiny object; I’d rather compete with myself. It’s about becoming so uniquely different that it would be an insult for me to measure myself against someone else. I believe if I do the work to be internally free from the pull of the power and status games, then I can add value to others bused on my unique knowledge and experience.

If this resonates with（与……共鸣）you, I invite you to join me on this journey in understanding and relating to this complex world. It’s a wonderful mystery, and I think together we can better define it -- not just personally, but also collectively. 56. According to the article, which of the following is TRUE? A. The external markers are better ways to know a person.

B. People generally judge others’ worth by what they have achieved.

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C. The author is someone who is keen on power games.

D. Learning from mistakes is the first step of treating others kindly. 57. What does the underlined word “overshadow” probably mean?

A. be relatively similar to B. cause something to be stronger than C. make something less important D. block off light from something 58. What of the following might the author agree with?

A. Life is hard, so we shouldn’t criticize others when they are not responsible. B. One should overcome self-interest in order to judge others objectively. C. Everyone is unique, so showing off uniqueness is an insult to others. D. One should see and understand another person using a real compass. 59. Why does the author write the article?

A. To promote harmonious living. B. To ask people not to judge others.

C. To call on readers to learn his values. D. To share his values of understanding the world. 参：56-59:BCBD

2020届青浦区高三英语二模 Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up.

“There’s a cyclone coming, Em,” he called to his wife. “I’ll go look after the stock.” Then he ran toward the sheds where the cows and horses were kept.

Aunt Em dropped her work and came to the door. One glance told her of the danger close at hand. “Quick, Dorothy!” she screamed. “Run for the cellar!” Toto jumped out of Dorothy’s arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get him. Aunt Em, badly frightened, threw open the trap door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small, dark hole. Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt. When she was halfway across the room there came a great roar from the wind, and the house shook so hard that she lost her footing and sat down suddenly upon the floor.

Then a strange thing happened. The house circled around two or three times and rose slowly through the air. Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon. It was very dark, and the wind blew horribly around her, but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily. After the first few twists and turns, and one other time when the house tipped badly, she felt as if she were being rocked

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gently, like a baby in a cradle (摇篮). Toto did not like it. He ran about the room, now here, now there, barking loudly; but Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to see what would happen. At last she crawled over the swinging floor to her bed, and lay down upon it; and Toto followed and lay down beside her. In spite of the swinging of the house and the crying of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep.

56.What does the underlined word “cyclone” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. deadline B. flood C. monster D. tornado

57.Why did Aunt Em go into the hole in the floor when the cyclone approached? A. To find the puppy Toto. B. To find shelter from the cyclone. C. To protect their fortune. D. To get tools to help Henry.

58.Which of the following is True about Dorothy?

A. She managed to control the house. B. She found herself flying in a balloon. C. She turned baby crying loudly. D. She remained undisturbed with Toto.

59.Which words can be used to describe Dorothy in the emergency? A. Afraid and brave. B. Curious and tired. C. Flexible and calm. D. Excited and thrilled.

参： 56-59 DBDC

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