2020高考英语专项动词短语归纳及练习

2020高考英语专项动词短语归纳及练习

1. add to增加，增进 add … to把…加进… add up相加 add up to总计，所有这一切说明

1) I don't think these facts will ________ anything.

2) Fifty new books have been ________ the library.

3) The music _________ our enjoyment of the film.

4) You must have made a mistake when you _______ the bill ________.

2. break away from打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉 break down出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开

break off暂停，中断 break in强行进入，插话 break into闯入 break into pieces成为碎片

break out爆发 break up捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散 break through突破

1) The criminal managed to break ____________ the police and ran into the woods.

2) When he heard the news, he broke _______ and cried.

3) Don't break ________ while others are speaking.

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4) Why don't you break ________ for a few minutes and have some coffee?

5) When does school break ________?

6) After harvest we break _________ the soil with a tool pulled by two oxen.

3. bring up抚养，呕吐，提出 bring about造成 bring out拿出，出版 bring in引入，引进，挣钱

bring back使回想起 bring down使下降，使倒下

1) The shopkeeper brought his price _________ to only five dollars.

2) The school has brought _________ new foreign teachers to teach oral English.

3) The song brought ___________ happy memories of our schooldays.

4) Do you know what brought ___________ this misunderstanding?

5) The kind old man agreed to bring __________ the young orphan.

6) We decided to bring the matter ___ at the next meeting.

7) The wind brought _______ a lot of trees last night.

8) Next month they will bring ________ a new edition of the book.

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( down, in, back, about, up, up, down, out )

4. call on号召，拜访（某人） call at拜访、参观（某地） call for去叫某人, 要求, 需要

call up使回忆起, 征召入伍 call in召集，请某人来 call out大喊，高叫 call off取消，不举行

1) Doctors are often called _____ in the middle of the war.

2) Please wait for me at home. I'll call _______ you at your house at seven tonight.

3) The trains calls _______ several big cities between Beijing and Guangzhou.

4) He called her name __________, but she didn't answer.

5) The sports meet was called ____ on account of the rain.

5. come about发生，出现 come down下跌，落，降，传下来 come in进来

come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect) 进入视野，形成，投入使用，生效

come on来临/ 快点 come out出版，结果是 come along一道来，赶快

come to达到，苏醒，合计，总共是(an end/an agreement/a stop)结束，达成一致

come over走过来come up发芽，走近 come across偶然碰到 come back回想起 come from来自，源自

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1) I come _________ the book I lent you last month.

2) How did it come _________ that you both got lost? I thought you had a map.

3) It suddenly came _________ to me where I had seen the boy before.

4) Come __________ now, or else we shall be late.

5) He came __________ me like a tiger.

6) The price of petrol has come _________ since the beginning of this year.

7) The word came __________ use many years ago.

8) When the examination result came _________, he had already got a job.

9)The bill came __________ over a thousand dollars.

10) I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they haven't come __________ yet.

6. cut across抄近路 cut down砍倒，削减 cut off切断，割掉，断绝关系 cut up连根拔除，切碎

cut through剪断，凿穿 cut out删（省）掉，戒掉 cut in插嘴

1) Don't cut ___ this tree. It will be very shady in summer.

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2) You must cut ________ the number of cigarettes you smoke, or it will cause illness.

3) We decided to cut _________ the moor（旷野） to the village.

4) Cutting the tree ____ means cutting the tree into pieces.

5) The electricity was cut ___________ when the lady refused to pay the bill.

6) We were having a pleasant conversation when Tom cut __________.

7. die of (disease/hunger/grief/old age)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因） die from死于（意外事故、情形）

die away渐渐消失，减弱 die out绝种 die down(炉火)渐熄 ,逐渐降低，平息 die off逐一死去

1) the sound of their laughter _________________. 2) the flames finally ______________.

3) the species has nearly ___________because its habitat is being destroyed。

4）when the applause had __________,she began her speech.

8. fall behind落后 fall over one's feet 跌跤 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall back撤退，后退

1) Babies often fall _____ when they are learning to walk.

2) Our team seems to have fallen __________ the others.

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3) As soon as the enemies fell __________, the people returned to their village.

4) She fell__________ the bench and had her leg broken.

9. go in for从事，喜爱，参加 go through通过，经受 go over复习，检查 go up（价格）上涨，建造起来

go after追捕，追赶go against违反 go ahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧 go away离开 go back on背约，食言

go by时间过去go down下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉 go on(with)继续进行 go with相配，陪同 go beyond超出

go without没有，缺少 go out外出，熄灭 go all out全力以赴 go off爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应

1) Many new factories have gone __ in the past few years.

2) Rents have gone __________ greatly recently.

3) Many years have gone ___________ since we first met.

4) Let's continue our journey until the sun goes _______.

5) His actions went ___________ the will of the people,

6) I can't do it, for it goes ___________ my duty.

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7) Over 100 students went ____________ this entrance examination.

8) The bomb went ____________ and killed ten people.

9) The buyer went ___________ the car carefully before reaching a decision.

10) This tie doesn't go ___________ my blue shirt.

11) If you think you can solve the problem, go ______.

12) Many students went __________ playing basketball.

10. get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get down to致力于，专心于 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off脱下,下车

get in收集，插（话） get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假 get over忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复get up起床

get along with进展，相处 get through打通电话，完成，通过 get round消息传开 get close to sth. 接近，几乎

get into (trouble) 陷入困境 get to (know) 开始认识 get back取回，收回

1) She spoke so fast that I couldn't get ____ what he said.

2) We will find ways to get _________ difficulties.

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3) The story has got __________, and everyone knows about it.

4) When I get _________ with the report, I'll go to the cinema.

5) After a delicious meal the two men got __________ to business.

6) Don't always get __________ a word when others are speaking.

7) It took me a long time to get ___________ such an unpleasant experience.

11. give away赠送，泄露，出卖 give out发出，疲劳，分发，公布 give off发出（光、热、气体）

give in (to sb.) 屈服 give up放弃，让（座位）

1) His accent at last gave him __________.

2) The liquid gave ________ a strong smell.

3) The headmaster gave ___________ the names of the prize-winners.

4) The soldiers gave _________ the town to the enemies.

5) Who will help me to give the books ___________?

6) Don't believe in those who give his friends ________.

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7) After a long walk, my strength gave ____________.

12. hand in交上，提交 hand out分发 hand down流传，遗传

13. hang about闲逛 hang up挂电话

14. hold back阻止，隐瞒 hold up举起，使停顿 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持 hold out持续，坚持，伸出

hold down控制，

1) I'm sure he is holding something _________.

2) She managed to hold ______ her emotion until her guests had left. Then she cried.

3) Tell him to hold ________ a moment. I'll come soon.

4) Our food supply won't hold _________ for more than a few days.

5) The train was held ________ as a result of the floods.

6) These measures helped to hold ___________ the city's population.

7) Hold ___________ your left arm, please.

15. keep up (courage, English, spirits)保持， keep up with跟上keep off (grass)不接近，离开keep out of 不让…进来

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keep away from避开，不接近，离…远远的 keep to (rules, promise)坚持，遵守 keep on继续，坚持下来

keep back阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下 keep from克制，阻止

1) The angry lady told the strangers to keep ________ from her.

2) I can hardly keep ________ my tears after hearing his words.

3) Only pride kept her __________ bursting into tears.

4) I can scarcely keep __________ asking him what he has done.

5) \"Don't touch me,\" screamed the woman, \"Keep __________!\"

6) Keep _________ until you succeed.

7) Keep _________ your courage, and you'll succeed in the end.

8) The thick coat can keep the cold ___________.

9) Always try to keep ___________ the rules when you play a game.

10) I can't keep ________ with everything you're doing.

16. knock at/on敲 knock into撞到某人身上 knock down撞倒出 knock over撞倒

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knock out of把…敲

knock off停止工作，休息

1) The boxer soon knocked his opponent _________.

2) The office stuff knocks _________ at six every day.

3) Try knocking __________ the window and see if there is anyone indoors.

4) He was so absorbed in his book that he knocked __________ the car parked there.

17. leave for离开前往 leave out删去，遗漏 leave behind遗留,忘记拿走 leave to留给，遗嘱赠于 leave over遗留，剩下，延期

1) \"Whose name has been left __________?\" demanded the teacher.

2) When he died, he left all his property _____ his niece.

3) He suddenly realized that he had left his umbrella ___________.

4) Don't leave this matter _________ until tomorrow.

5) Leave some meat ___________ for tomorrow.

6) Those are questions left _________ by history.

18. look up查找，向上看 look through翻阅，浏览 look on旁观look on…as看作look into调查

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look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找look out(for)当心 look about / around/round四下查看 look down upon瞧不起

look back upon回忆，回顾look sb. up and down仔细打量某人look ab in the face/eyes直视某人

1) I spent two hours looking ______ the students' papers.

2)Look _______! There is a big hole in front.

3) He took part in the game, and the rest of us just looked ______ and cheered for him.

4) The old man looked _____ upon the days of his youth.

5) She was so snobbish（势利）that she looked __________ upon all his neighbours.

6) The police promised to look __________ the case as soon as possible.

7) He looked __________ but saw nobody, and he listened but hear nothing.

19. make up编造，配制，打扮，组成 make up for弥补 make into / of / from 制成

make out弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单） make for走向，驶往，促使

1) Can you make this length of cloth __________ a suit?

2) I asked the driver if he was making ___________ London?

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3) My father made __________ a check for me to buy the camera.

4) We must make the loss _________ next week./ He tried hard to make ________ for

the damage he had done.

5) He made __________ a story, which I found hard to believe.

6) Someone is coming, but I can't make ___________ who it is.

20. pass away去世 pass by经过pass down(on)…to传给 pass through经历 pass over漠视，忽视

1) The old clock has been passed ________ to me from my grandfather's grandfather.

2) The man passed ___________ last week in peace.

3) We are passing ____________ difficult times.

4) The secretary passed ___________ the details in the first part of his report.

21. pay back还钱，报复 pay for付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应 pay off还清

1) How much did you pay __________ the dictionary?

2) You should pay _________ the money you borrowed from me.

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3) I'll pay him ____________ for all his crimes(罪行) against me.

4) Some day, you'll pay __________ what you have done today.

5) Has she pay ____________ the debt yet?

22. pick up拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language/knowledge)，恢复重获(pick up health)

pick out挑选，辨认，看出pick cotton/flower/leaves/words摘棉花，选词

1) I picked the information __________ while waiting in the queue.

2) My friend has arranged to pick me _________ at 6:00.

3) The patient has picked _________ health during the last two weeks.

4) She picked _______ the most expensive pair of shoes.

5) I can't pick John ___________ in the crowd.

6) Can I pick __________ VOA with this short-wave radio?

7) He fell down suddenly, but picked himself ___________ quickly.

23. put up搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下put up with忍受put out伸出，扑灭 put off推迟

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put into放进，翻译 put away放好，存钱 put down记下，平息 put on穿戴，上映，增加(put on weight/speed)

put forward 提出，提前 put through 接通电话 put aside放到一边 put back放回

1) He put _________ half his wage every week.

2) The government soon put __________ the revolt（）.

3) Put your watch __________. It's slow.

4) He put __________ his hand for me to shake.

5). Please put me __________ to Extension（分机）2.

6) We put ___________ for night at the village inn.

7) He is very proud, and he often put _________ airs.（摆架子）

8) We had a telephone put _____________ in our office.

9) I can't put __________ with your laziness.

24. pull down拆掉，推翻 pull on匆匆穿上 / pull off 脱下 pull in进站 pull out取出,(火车)离站

pull down往下拉,拆毁 pull over驶到一边 pull through恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境 pull

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up（使）停住

1) The train slowly pulled __________ and disappeared in the distance.

2) All the old houses here have now been pulled ______, and new ones are to be built.

3) The car pulled _________ when I blew the horn.

4) The doctor thinks the man will pull __________.

5) The driver pulled ________ at the traffic lights.

25. push over推倒，刮倒 push ahead(on, forward)继续前进，坚持下去 push through排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过

1) We've decided to push __________ with our plan to build a new road

2) Many trees were pushed __________ in the hurricane.

3) They were determined to push the new rules ________ at any cost..

4) Take care not to push the baby _________.

5) They pushed ___________ the crowd and at last reached us.

26. run across偶然碰到 run after追逐，追捕 run away逃跑 run for竞选

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run into偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞 run out of用完

1) If you drive so fast, you'll run _________ someone some day.

2) I ran __________ a friend of mine in the exhibition.

3) Our water has run __________. Can you fill up some more bottles?

4) Why do you always run __________ adventure?

5) He didn't want to run ___________ president that year.

6) In that way you will only run __________ difficulties.

27. see off送行 see through看透，识破 see to照料，照管

28. send for派人去请 send off送行 send out发出（光亮）等 send up发射

29. set up建立 set off出发，触发，引起 set out动身，着手(to do)，陈述开始着手(doing)

set to work(n.)开始做 set back拨回，使推迟

1) I shall set my watch ___________ by five minutes.

2) We set __________ reading the text aloud immediately the bell rang.

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set about

3) We set _________ at daybreak yesterday and we've been travelling ever since then.

4) I set __________ to advise him not to drink.

5) What were the reasons he set ___________ in his report?

6) The president set __________ a special group of soldiers to guard him.

7) The unpopular law set _________ a series of protests.（）

30. take off脱掉，起飞take on呈现 雇佣 take away拿走 take in吸收，领会 take up从事，占用（时间空间）

take down记录，取下take back收回 take for误认为 take along随身带 take over接管 take out拿出来

take charge of负责, take sth. for granted想当然, take hold of抓住, take pride in以… ……为自豪, take the place of, 代替

take turns to do轮流做, take office就职

1) I take _________ all I said about his dishonesty.

2) He went to the shelf and took __________ a book of poems.

3) At first I took him _________ a doctor.

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4) I can see that most of you have taken ________ everything that the teacher taught.

5) Bill has now taken __________ his father's business.

6) My job takes __________ most of my time.

7) The boss took ____________ twenty people for his new company.

31. think of想起 think of…as把…看作 think out想出 think up想出

think about考虑 think over仔细考虑 think well of sb. 对某人看法好

32. turn off / on打开 turn over翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转 turn out证明为，结果，制造成品

turn to转向，求助 turn down调低，拒绝 turn against变得敌视，反对 turn away打发走，驱逐，转过脸去

turn back返回，转回去 turn round转过身来 turn up向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大 turn in上缴

turn upside down把倒置，弄得乱七八糟

1) The child turned __________ its mother for comfort.

2) Turn ___________ and let me see your face.

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3) However much he turned the problem ________ in mind, he could find no satisfactory solution.

4) The English evening party turned _________ a great success.

5) The sight of the accident was too much for her to bear, and she turned _______.

6) The football stadium was full, and many people had to be turned __________.

7) The army turned him ___________ on account of (因为) his poor health.

8) She turned the whole house ___________ in her search for her missing purse.

9) Where did your purse turn ____________? I found it in the snow.

10) The villagers suddenly turned __________ the foreigners who lived nearby.

11) The factory turns ____________ 2000 new cars last year.

动词和动词短语高考链接

2008年

1（全国I卷）23. The performance ______ nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early.

A. covered

B. reached C. played

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D. lasted

2（安徽卷）28. -----Are you happy with your new computer?

----- No, it is _______ me a lot of trouble.

A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing

3 （江苏卷）31. —I’m still working on my project.

—Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ______.

A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out

4 （山东卷）28. The fact that she never apologized ______ a lot about what kind of person she is. A. says B. talks

C. appears D. declares

5 （山东卷）29. Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ______ his own work and translated it into German.

A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D.set aside

6 （江西卷）25. I _____ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.

A. make B. look C. take D. think

7 （辽宁卷）25. You have to be a fairly good speaker to ______ listeners’ interest for over an hour.

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A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive

8 (全国II)9. – What are you reading, Tom? -- I’m not really reading, just ___ the pages.

A. turning off B. turning around C. turning over D. turning up

9(全国II)18. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ____.

A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved

10 （陕西卷）20. It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, Will you please help me _________ the clothes on the line?

A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on

11(四川卷)9. I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ___fine.

A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along

12（浙江卷）14. American Indian ______ about five percent of the U.S. population.

A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up

13（湖北卷）23. Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ______ the traditional customs.

A. perform

B. possess C. observe D. support

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14（湖北卷）24. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to ______ the problem.

A. handle B. raise C. face D. present

15（湖北卷）25. The teacher stressed again that the students should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.

A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out

16（湖北卷）26. In modern times, people have to learn to ______ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.

A. keep with B. stay with C. meet with D. live with

17（湖北卷）27. The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to ______ its reality.

A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off

18（天津卷）7. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ______ their discussion.

A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on

19（天津卷）13. Her shoes ______ her dress; they look very well together.

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A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match

20（全国I卷）34. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ______ her job as a doctor in the countryside.

A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up

21（安徽卷）35. Don’t be so discouraged. If you ________such feelings, you will do better next time.

A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away

22（福建卷）29. _____ a moment and I will go to your rescue.

A. Go on B. Hold on C. Move to D. Carry on

23（湖南卷）34. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.

living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived

24（江苏卷）29. —They are quiet, aren’t they?

—Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals.

A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking

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25 (全国II)12. The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting.

A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up

26（陕西卷）11. The message is very important, so it is supposed _________ as soon as possible.

A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending

27(四川卷)2. You have to ________ a choice. Are you going to leave the job or stay?

A. decide B. get C. do D. make

2009年

1（09海南）. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.

A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push

2（09浙江）．The good thing about children is that they _______ very easily to new environments.

A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply

3（09安徽）. Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.

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A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means

4（09安徽）. We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all .

A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up

5（09福建）. We are at your service. Don’t to turn to us if you have any further problems.

A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek

6（09湖北）. Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?

A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through

7（09湖北）. During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ______ bread for days.

A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with

8（09湖北）. The loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars. A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled

9（09湖北）. Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D.

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distinguish

10（09江西）. It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.

A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out

11（09海南）. I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t__________.

A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through

12（09山东）. -------Do you have enough to ________all your daily expenses?

--------Oh yes, enough and to spare.

A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer

13（09山东） Amy joined a painting group but didn’t seem to _______, so she left.

A. show B. go up C. fit in D. come over

14（09陕西）. A. notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.

A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up

15（09四川）.—Have you __________?—No. I had the wrong number.

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A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through

16 （09四川）. —How about your journey to Mount Emei?

—Everything was wonderful except that our car _________ twice on the way. A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down

17 （09天津）. ---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.

---- OK, I’ll call back later.

A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up

18 （09天津）. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end. A. recover B. review C. require D. remember

19（09浙江）．Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.

A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up

20 （09全国2 ） If you leave the club, you will not be back in .

A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved

21（09江苏）.---- I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have __ .

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----So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.

A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up closed up

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