Docker常用命令

1. 在宿主机中查看 docker容器的ip地址

[root@hadoop mydockerbuild]# docker inspect docker_test1 --format '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}'172.17.0.2

此处 docker_test1 为docker容器的name

2. 在安装docker的虚拟机上 可以使⽤ 如下命令查看docker的安装版本信息

[root@hadoop mydockerbuild]# docker -vDocker version 1.13.0, build 49bf474

使⽤这个命令时，不需要docker的守护进程已经启动，但docker的其他命令都需要docker的守护进程启动。3. 使⽤docker version查看docker的详细信息

[root@hadoop mydockerbuild]# docker versionClient:

Version: 1.13.0 API version: 1.25 Go version: go1.7.3 Git commit: 49bf474

Built: Tue Jan 17 09:55:28 2017 OS/Arch: linux/amd

Server:

Version: 1.13.0

API version: 1.25 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.7.3 Git commit: 49bf474

Built: Tue Jan 17 09:55:28 2017 OS/Arch: linux/amd Experimental: false

返回的是docker client和docker服务端信息，如果docker的守护进程没有启动，之返回client信息。server信息不会显⽰，会提⽰⽆法连接到 docker daemon。 4. 进⼊到Container内部：

docker exec -it website /bin/bash

不推荐使⽤ attach ，使⽤attach 在退出Container时 Container会挂掉

因为使⽤的时Centos作为基础镜像，所以进⼊Container后就有了Centos的所有功能进⼊容器后可以使⽤ supervisorctl查看所有已启动的服务可以使⽤exit 退出容器

5.退出docker容器可以使⽤快捷键 Ctrl+P + Ctrl+Q

[root@hadoop mydockerbuild]# docker exec -it docker_test1 /bin/bashroot@test1:/# [root@hadoop mydockerbuild]# [root@hadoop mydockerbuild]#

6.查看docker的状态

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ service docker statusRedirecting to /bin/systemctl status docker.service● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since ⼀ 2017-02-27 16:11:47 CST; 1 day 19h ago #状态为 running Docs: https://docs.docker.com Main PID: 27046 (dockerd) Memory: 8.1M

CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service

├─ 6530 docker-containerd-shim 8e98459a34fa3d79fcb9124f38c58c72aac... ├─15283 docker-containerd-shim 8e98459a34fa3d79fcb9124f38c58c72aac... ├─174 docker-containerd-shim 8e98459a34fa3d79fcb9124f38c58c72aac... ├─27046 /usr/bin/dockerd

└─27056 docker-containerd -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/...[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$

⽹上所也可以使⽤ sudo status docker 查看docker的守护进程是否存在，试了不起作⽤，可能是因为 在Red Hat和Fedora中。7. 同样使⽤service 可以完成docker的启动和停⽌停⽌docker

hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ sudo service docker stop #停⽌dockerRedirecting to /bin/systemctl stop docker.service

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ service docker status #查看docker状态Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status docker.service● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: inactive (dead) since 三 2017-03-01 11:21:26 CST; 9s ago #这⾥Active为 dead Docs: https://docs.docker.com

Main PID: 27046 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$

启动docker 并查看状态

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ service docker startRedirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ service docker statusRedirecting to /bin/systemctl status docker.service● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 三 2017-03-01 11:24: CST; 9s ago Docs: https://docs.docker.com Main PID: 16032 (dockerd) Memory: 21.7M

CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service ├─16032 /usr/bin/dockerd

└─16042 docker-containerd -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/...[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$

8. 查看docker的环境信息

docker info 此命令需要docker daemon已经启动

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ sudo docker infoContainers: 11

Running: 0 Paused: 0 Stopped: 11Images: 6

Server Version: 1.13.0Storage Driver: overlay Backing Filesystem: xfs Supports d_type: trueLogging Driver: json-fileCgroup Driver: cgroupfsPlugins:

Volume: local

Network: bridge host macvlan null overlaySwarm: inactiveRuntimes: runc

Default Runtime: runcInit Binary: docker-init

containerd version: 03e5862ec0d8d3b3f750e19fca3ee367e13c090erunc version: 2f7393a47307a16f8cee44a37b262e8b81021e3einit version: 949e6faSecurity Options: seccomp

Profile: default

Kernel Version: 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)OSType: linux

Architecture: x86_CPUs: 4

Total Memory: 7.441 GiBName: hadoop

ID: Z2IN:M5GX:NG:VYBH:MDLI:QIST:SHGB:LZUK:2ZJR:RI3M:P6M5:ZRMKDocker Root Dir: /var/lib/dockerDebug Mode (client): falseDebug Mode (server): false

Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/Experimental: falseInsecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8

Live Restore Enabled: false

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$

9. 查询docker主机上已有的docker镜像

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ sudo docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEubuntu latest 0ef2e08ed3fa 31 hours ago 130 MBubuntu 14.04 7c09e61e9035 31 hours ago 188 MBdocker-whale latest 17104b3a9f 42 hours ago 256 MBhello-world latest 48b5124b2768 6 weeks ago 1.84 kBdocker/whalesay latest 6b362a9f73eb 21 months ago 247 MB[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$

本机的所有镜像都保存在 本机的 /var/lib/docker ⽬录下。10. 查询docker主机上已经创建的容器查询所有已启动的容器

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ sudo docker ps

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

查询所有的容器，包括启动和未启动的11. 使⽤docker search 查找镜像

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ sudo docker search centos

NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATEDcentos The official build of CentOS. 3130 [OK]

jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.8 x86_ / CentOS-7 7.3.1611 x8... 60 [OK]

jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php CentOS-6 6.8 x86_ - Apache / PHP-FPM / P... 25 [OK]nimmis/java-centos This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif... 23 [OK]consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with \"headless\" VNC sessi... 22 [OK]million12/centos-supervisor Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h... 13 [OK]nickistre/centos-lamp LAMP on centos setup 10 [OK]

torusware/speedus-centos Always updated official CentOS docker imag... 8 [OK]egyptianbman/docker-centos-nginx-php A simple and highly configurable docker co... 6 [OK]nathonfowlie/centos-jre Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta... 5 [OK]centos/mariadb55-centos7 4 [OK]

harisekhon/centos-scala Scala + CentOS (OpenJDK tags 2.10-jre7 - 2... 2 [OK]centos/tools Docker image that has systems administrati... 2 [OK]centos/redis Redis built for CentOS 2 [OK]

harisekhon/centos-java Java on CentOS (OpenJDK, tags jre/jdk7-8) 2 [OK]freenas/centos Simple CentOS Linux interactive container 1 [OK]darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 1 [OK]timhughes/centos Centos with systemd installed and running 1 [OK]blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK]vcatechnology/centos A CentOS Image which is updated daily 0 [OK]smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK]januswel/centos yum update-ed CentOS image 0 [OK]otagoweb/centos Apache (with PHP7), built on CentOS 7 0 [OK]termbox/centos CentOS 0 [OK]

repositoryjp/centos Docker Image for CentOS. 0 [OK][hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$

12.拉取⼀个镜像

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ sudo docker pull centos:7.1

如果这⾥不写 :7.1 则会默认拉取最新的镜像

[hadoop@hadoop mydockerbuild]$ sudo docker pull centosUsing default tag: latest

这⾥拉取镜像从Docker Hub 跟⽹络有关系，如果⽹络不通畅，有可能拉取不成功。13.将镜像转载为容器 使⽤ docker run

有了镜像之后，可以使⽤ docker run 将镜像变成容器：docker run [-it|-d] -p 2222:22 --name base csphere/centos:7.1-it 采⽤交互的⽅式

-d 把Container在后台启动以后，Container会返回⼀个ContainerID

-P 22 设置这个参数后 表明容器暴露的端⼝为22 宿主机会随机的找⼀个没有被使⽤的 端⼝号和 22 这个端⼝进⾏映射(假如随机2222：22) 即可以在外部直接使⽤ 2222 端⼝直接访问容器，在宿主机重启后⼜会找⼀个随机未被使⽤的端⼝号进⾏映射-p 2222:22 不管是宿主机重启还是Container重启，这个2222⼀直会给22端⼝映射，除⾮这个Container删掉以后会把这个2222给其他的Container

--name 通过docker镜像⽣成docker 容器，给docker容器起⼀个名字以⽅便以后去查找使⽤ csphere/centos:7.1 来创建叫做base的docker容器

14. 删除⼀个容器

[hadoop@hadoop dockerJavaTomcat]$ sudo docker rm /base/base

/base 为容器名称

15. 删除⼀个镜像 test/centos 为镜像名称

hadoop@hadoop dockerJavaTomcat]$ sudo docker rmi test/centosUntagged: test/centos:latest

Deleted: sha256:1c1e0afd4637f9f6d0eeef78b962f553909b656a5851cc72d2b7709a1301b6Deleted: sha256:3849143870100cd42cbe9c9d7d57b86f770eb1562cba0137a1ccbd125356c6b7Deleted: sha256:2901facb33c9e596228d32cd3833911d473ac1b1917d0b67d2feafd9ae8011Deleted: sha256:de37cfdfa4eb377c944cb94a174a1c4ab24577d596779e145bdff0e4c376Deleted: sha256:dffb0316ca99c427eb8e7fcec81b8b8f2f2139e70ffe5b017e535b8c927a3678Deleted: sha256:bf9b522b6a825775eec04fabc700759394ed7e5ed284bb7df8cbff5da6c3deDeleted: sha256:8d44342286e2f234f3dd49d35b8f6913720383cbb126def144945859ba415cDeleted: sha256:52fba5ea150c68a6325cb59386678f2a0e5e3f33b3450d15ac55662b19d04cc4Deleted: sha256:aa497055a9f4f9ca607de6865e47e5c342728bdb7a359a2a3879b9e01e9705f5Deleted: sha256:12bf021320b738dfab4c1052e508b3cde752af333dd047a503146e37a57d27c3Deleted: sha256:25dfd09299e45a52204719788af4d6ec42b94ed1c1c52b444dffe1617530Deleted: sha256:2a8f3b2595c0d7bbd96c8311aafd38a19ee38dfd7db10f5f143e12a488453a97Deleted: sha256:f8ac2fbb387ed573175a3207a2a7228bacee098e98d859ef5cc69280c634bdDeleted: sha256:ca6ee1356e1919580f56aba2416d558358f13e0fd4af63fc1316a08b3b6cf556Deleted: sha256:9fcaf31daa347938f67d3d57510ac2167b1943ab3046d2edc80025b3e78db016Deleted: sha256:c2cfaed91fa85a1e25a93902ccf7b0adfd6d11a96ad60e05c5743deac4561a0dDeleted: sha256:5179194bb957b92d747d0ef8658bd2c94e14724184f84bba5f6a97a3b52600Deleted: sha256:3c5d03deca832571ebaf26e19cafcbb06b5770339dbd669bd9330942ca9ac8[hadoop@hadoop dockerJavaTomcat]$

16.docker tag imageid name:tag使⽤ docker tag 可以修改image 的名称

[root@hadoop dockerPubProgram]# docker tag 65d0f11d31 js/centos:oracle-package