2019年高考英语真题试卷(浙江卷)(word版+答案+解析)

2019年高考英语真题试卷（浙江卷）（含听力音频）

一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）（共5题；共7.5分）

1.Where does this conversation take place?

A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule.

3.What are the speakers talking about?

A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket. B. She is looking for the man. C. She has an extra ticket.

二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）（共5题；共22.5分）

6.听材料，回答问题。

（1）How long did James run his business？ A.10 years. B.13years. C.15 years.

（2）How does the woman feel about James' situation？ A.Embarrassed. B.Concerned. C.Disappointed.

7.听材料，回答问题。

（1）What has Kate's mother decided to do？ A.Return to school. B.Change her job. C.Retire from work.

（2）What did Kate's mother study at college？

A.Oil painting. B.Art history.

C.Business administration.

（3）What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision? A.Disapproving. B.Ambiguous. C.Understanding. 8.听材料，回答问题。

（1）What is the man doing？ A.Chairing a meeting. B.Hosting a radio program. C.Conducting a job interview.

（2）What benefits Mary most in her job？ A.Her wide reading. B.Her leaders' guidance. C.Her friends' help

（3）Who will Mary talk about next？ A.Her teacher. B.Her father C.Her mother.

9.听材料，回答问题。

（1）Why does the man seldom do exercise？ A.He lacks motivation. B.He has a heart problem. C.He works all the time.

（2）What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？ A.He's an athlete. B.He's a researcher. C.He's a journalist.

（3）Why does the woman speak of a study？ A.To encourage the man. B.To recommend an exercise. C.To support her findings.

（4）How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？ A.300 minutes. B.150 minute. C.75 minutes.

10.听材料，回答问题。

（1）What did the scientists do to the road？

A.They repaired it. B.They painted it. C.They blocked it

（2）Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？ A.It's warm. B.It's brown. C.It's smooth.

（3）What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment？ A.To keep the birds there for a whole year. B.To help students study the birds well. C.To prevent the birds from being killed.

三、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）（共3题；共25分）

11.阅读理解

Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military（的）medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals' rightful owners, and returns them. His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.

Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado's sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: \"Who are you？What antique shop?\" However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. \"At that point, I knew she meant business,\" Zac says. \"To drive eight hours to come to see me.\"

The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.

Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn't realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac's mother had found was a family treasure.\" This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions（场合）would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands,\" Adeline says.

As a child, Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says, \"and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left.\" Corrado Piccoli's Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.

Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado's medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.

（1）Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？ A.In the army. B.In an antique shop.

C.From his mother. D.From Adeline Rockko.

（2）What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？ A.She was very impolite.

B.She was serious about the medal. C.She suspected his honesty. D.She came from a wealthy family.

（3）What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart? A.Her parents' advice. B.Her knowledge of antiques. C.Her childhood dream. D.Her memory of her brother. 12.阅读理解

Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, \"Give What You Can, Take What You Need.\"

People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took, \"said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. \"We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.\" Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board. \"What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,\" Bridges said. \"There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.\" Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.

While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.

\"After all, everyone has bad days and good days,\" he said. \"Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”

（1）What does the expression \"money with no strings attached\" in paragraph 1 mean?

A.Money spent without hesitation. B.Money not legally made.

C.Money offered without conditions. D.Money not tied together.

（2）What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?

A.Women tended to be more sociable. B.The activity attracted various people.

C.Economic problems were getting worse. D.Young couples needed financial assistance.

（3）Why did Bridges carry out the project? A.To do a test on people's morals. B.To raise money for his company. C.To earn himself a good reputation. D.To promote kindness and sympathy. 13.阅读理解

California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）.

The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）. But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.

The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）.

Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.The seriousness of big-tree loss in California. B.The increasing variety of California big trees. C.The distribution of big trees in California forests. D.The influence of farming on big trees in California.

（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees? A.Ecological studies of forests. B.Banning woodcutting. C.Limiting housing development. D.Fire control measures.

（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre?

A.Inadequate snowmelt. B.A longer dry season. C.A warmer climate. D.Dampness of the air.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone? B.Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon. C.Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests? D.Patrick Mclntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California

四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（共1题；共10分）

14.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music.________At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ________They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends. John Lennon and （传说）Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.

________They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 19. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ________ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion（入侵）by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ________ A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 19. B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time. C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come. E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night（19）and Help！（1965）. G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.

五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）（共1题；共30分）

15.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the 1 the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that's precisely why one 2 Frenchman has caught our attention.

Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 3 on discarded（丢弃）food. The three-month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's 4 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.

As you can 5 , the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants 6 tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of 7 garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places 8 him food that would otherwise be discarded.

For legal 9 , most restaurants have a policy against 10 food waste. \"Some people have even 11 their jobs by giving me food,\" Dubanchet said.

What's 12 interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause. Berlin has been the 13 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to 14 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 15 is all the more serious when you consider the 16 exercise required to bike from France to Poland.

\"I have to get food 17 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 18 ,\"

Dubanchet explained. \"Is my 19 full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.\" He aims to 20 his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he'll turn a few more heads in the process. 1. A. cleverer

B. older

C. stranger

D. simpler

2. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking 3. A. secretly 4. A. purpose 5. A. observe 6. A. store 7. A. locked 8. A. bought 9. A. reasons

B. finally B. way B. imagine B. cook B. damaged B. offered B. rights

C. entirely C. opinion C. suggest C. shop for

D. probably D. dream D. remember D. throw away

C. connected D. abandoned C. ordered C. fees

D. sold D. aids D. causing D. risked

10. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding 11. A. did 12. A. hardly 13. A. easiest 14. A. work

B. kept B. usually B. nearest B. shout

C. accepted

C. particularly D. merely C. biggest C. ask

D. richest D. jump D. challenge

15. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict 16. A. adequate 17. A. again 18. A. spirit 19. A. stomach 20. A. arrange

B. rewarding B. alone B. energy B. hand B. restart

C. demanding D. suitable C. later C. time C. pocket C. report

D. fast D. effort D. basket D. finish

六、语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）（共1题；共15分）

16.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ________ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears________ same style of clothes.

Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ________ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ________ (easy) see them.

But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ________ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ________ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ________ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ________(connect) between uniforms and school performance.

School uniforms are ________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.

七、书面表达（满分40分）（共2题；共40分）

17.假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1）表示感谢；

2）回顾Alex对你的帮助； 3）临别祝愿。 注意：

1）词数80左右；

2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

18.读后续写，阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要

Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, \"We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.\" By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.

Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging gas giving too much. Kids will feel like they're not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.

So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward.\" We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, \"says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters.\" One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters.\"

Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or

finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的)to the amount of effort your child has put into it.

答案解析部分

一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1.【答案】 B 【考点】短对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 2.【答案】 A 【考点】短对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 3.【答案】 B 【考点】短对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 4.【答案】 C 【考点】短对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 5.【答案】 A 【考点】短对话 【解析】【听力原文】略

二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 6.【答案】 （1）C （2）B

【考点】长对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 7.【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）C

【考点】长对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 8.【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C

【考点】长对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 9.【答案】 （1）A （2）B

（3）A （4）C

【考点】长对话 【解析】【听力原文】略 10.【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C 【考点】独白 【解析】【听力原文】略

三、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分） 11.【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）D

【考点】人物故事类，记叙文

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述 Zachariah Fike 从古董店以及网络上弄到旧的军功章并将其归还给它们的主人的故事。

（1）细节理解题。将题干中的 Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself 定位在第二段，根据第二句的 he earned one himself in a war as a soldier 可知他在当兵的时候自己在战争中得过一枚。故答案为A。 （2）细节理解题。题干中的 Adeline drove to meet him 定位在第三段，由 \"At that point, I knew she meant business, To drive eight hours to come to see me.\" 可知“她开车8个小时过来看我，不是开玩笑的”。mean business认真的，与be serious同意，故答案为B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四、五、六段对奖章的描写可知，Adeline 的哥哥在二战中牺牲了，这枚奖章是她们的传家宝，是她哥哥的唯一的纪念品。故答案为D。

【点评】本文属于故事类阅读，阅读时要通读文章，弄清文章的主旨大意和人物关系。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据定位查找信息，切忌凭感觉做题。

12.【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D

【考点】新闻报道类，记叙文

【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道，讲述在洛杉矶的联合车站，竖起了一块木板，上面钉着一些美钞和一个牌子，上面写着“留下你能给予的，拿走你所需要的。”虽然有很多人拿走了钱，但是还是有人把钱钉在木板上。

（1）词义猜测题。根据下文第二段开头 while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the btoard 可知这个板子的目的是为人们提供爱心交换，需要的从上面拿钱，有富余的可以在上面留钱。这些钱是没有附加条件的。故答案为C。

（2）推理判断题。题干中的bride是 Tyler Bridges 举的一个例子，为了证明前一句 People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took，即这个活动吸引了各种年龄、种族和经济背景的人。故答案为B。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中

Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy可知他发起这个活动的目的是让人们展示慷慨和同情。故答案为D。

【点评】这是一篇新闻报道，文章的第一段第三句话就是本文的主题句，阅读时要要弄清新闻的主旨，弄清细节，根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解相关的句子，从而得到需要的答案。

13.【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C （4）A

【考点】科普环保类，夹叙夹议

【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文，围绕加利福尼亚的大树从20世纪30年代以来大量减少为主题，探讨出现这一现象的原因。

（1）段落大意题。第二段第一句 The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests 为主题句，意思是：在4.6万平方英里的加利福尼亚的森林中，直径超过2英尺的树木的数量已经减少了50%。所以本段主要介绍加州的树木损失的严重情况，故答案为A。

（2）细节理解题。题干中的 well-intentioned 意为“好意的”。根据第三段描述：伐木者对大树的砍伐、住房向森林里推进、对野火的控制使得小树与大树竞争资源都是导致大树减少的原因。控制野火的初衷是保护森林，但是却导致大树得不到足够的资源而死亡。故答案为D。

（3）细节理解题 。将 water shortage 定位在第五段，而 Mclntyre 在最后一段，根据 the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air 可知，导致水源紧张的是上升的温度，造成树木将更多的水分散失到空气中。故答案为C。 （4）主旨大意题。文章的第一句是本文的主题句，文章围绕加利福尼亚大量的大树死亡展开，对大树数量减少的原因进行研究。故答案为A。

【点评】本文属于生态环保类文章，文章的首段第一句即为本文的主题句。阅读是紧扣主旨，快速浏览文章内容。答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析关键词所在句子的信息。

四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 14.【答案】 C；B；A；G；E

【考点】七选五

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，介绍披头士摇滚乐队的崛起和对音乐的引领。

（1）段中句。根据后一句的at that time可知此处涉及时间，the Beatles entered the world of music 与developed对应，故答案为C。

（2）段中句。有前后句中的they可将答案范围缩小，根据前一句中的 extremely popular 与选项B中的 Even their hairstyles became major trends 呼应，故答案为B。

（3）段首句。后一句中“他们不确定how the Americans would react to the new type of music ” 是他们去美国前的态度，与选项A中的 decided on a tour to the United States 有紧密联系。故答案为A。

（4）段中句。本段描述披头士乐队在美国的受欢迎程度。前一句 fans jammed the airport to greet them 描写粉丝们的热情，后一句中的 The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience 说明他们在开演唱会，同时选项G中的 performed their first concert in America ，与前文提到的他们第一次到美国呼应，故答案为G。

（5）段尾句。根据前一句 Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. 感谢披头士，市场中很多机会向新面孔打开。可知此处应举例，选项E中的 Many rock bands were able to follow in the footstep就是因为披头士乐队的影响的表现。故答案为E。

【点评】本题重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。

五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

15.【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）B；（6）D；（7）A；（8）B；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）C；（15）D；（16）C；（17）D；（18）B；（19）A；（20）D； 【考点】记叙文，人物故事类

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。唤起人们对一种现象的认识有各种方法，为了唤起人们对食物浪费的意识，法国的 Baptiste Dubanchet 靠吃丢弃的饭菜来完成从巴黎到华沙的自行车之旅。本文介绍了他的经历和感悟。

（1）考查形容词辨析。 句意：通常，越奇怪的主意，引起的注意就越多。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. simpler更简单的。根据文章描述 Baptiste Dubanchet 骑车穿越欧洲靠吃丢弃的食物来唤起人们对食物浪费的重视，可知这是一种奇怪的行为。故答案为C。 （2）考查形容词辨析。句意：而那正是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国男人引起了我们的注意。

A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的； B. sports-loving爱好运动的；C. food-wasting浪费食物的；D. law-breaking违法的。根据下文的“ surviving on discarded（丢弃）food 靠吃丢弃的食物”可知那个法国男人吃垃圾，故答案为A。

（3）考查副词辨析。A. secretly秘密地；B. finally最后； C. entirely完全地；D. probably可能地。指Baptiste Dubanchet完全靠吃人们丢弃的食物来完成这次旅行，故答案为C。

（4）考查名词辨析。 A. purpose目的；B. way方式；C. opinion观点；D. dream梦想。这种唤起人们的意识的方式是 Dubanchet's 的方式，故答案为B。

（5）考查动词辨析。 A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建议；D. remember记得。句意：如你可以想象的，这个旅行绝不是很容易的事情。故答案为B。

（6）考查动词辨析。A. store储存；B. cook烹饪； C. shop for购买； D. throw away扔掉。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉成吨的食物，但是很多食物因为……垃圾桶，卫生条例或者商业而无法被接触。故答案为D。

（7）考查动词辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉成吨的食物，但是很多食物因为……垃圾桶，卫生条例或者商业而无法被接触。A. locked锁；B. damaged损坏；C. connected联系；D. abandoned遗弃。根据本句中的inaccessible（难以达到的）可知，垃圾桶应该是被锁住了，故答案为A。

（8）考查动词辨析。句意：只有十分之一的地方才会将被丢弃的食物给他。A. bought买；B. offered提供；C. ordered命令；D. sold卖。废弃的食物被提供，不能买卖，故答案为B。

（9）考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律的原因，大部分的餐馆赠送废弃的食物给他是违法的。A. reasons原因； B. rights权利；C. fees费用；D. aids援助；赠送废弃食物是犯法的，这是法律的原因，故答案为A。

（10）考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律的原因，大部分的餐馆赠送废弃的食物给他是违法的。A. begging for乞讨；B. giving away赠送； C. hiding藏；D. causing导致。根据后一句“一些人冒着丢工作的危险给我食物”可知“赠送”食物是不允许的，故答案为B。

（11）考查动词辨析。句意：有的人给我食物甚至冒着丢工作的危险。A. did做；B. kept保持；C. accepted接受；D. risked冒险。前文提到将废弃的食物送人是违法的，所以可能会“丢工作”，故答案为D。

（12）考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是不同城市对于 Dubanchet 的动机的态度。A. hardly几乎不；B. usually通常； C. particularly特别地；D. merely仅仅。根据下文描述不同地方对 Dubanchet 的不同态度，可知这是非常有趣的。故答案为C。

（13）考查形容词辨析。句意：柏林是最容易的城市，而捷克的皮尔森小镇是最难的。A. easiest最容易的；B. nearest最近的；C. biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的。根据下文的 while the most difficult 的对比可知与difficult相反，故答案为A。

（14）考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，找到食物之前他不得不向大概50个不同的商店或饭馆请求。A. work工作；B. shout喊叫；C. ask问；要；D. jump跳。故答案为C。

（15）考查名词辨析。 句意：当你考虑到从法国到波兰骑车所需要的要求极高的运动量，这个挑战愈发变得严肃。A. competition竞争；B. conversation对话；C. conflict冲突；D. challenge挑战。根据上文在50个商店或餐馆请求食物，这是挑战，故答案为D。

（16）考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国到波兰骑车所需要的要求极高的运动量，这个挑战愈发变得严肃。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding值得的；C. demanding苛求的；要求极高的；D. suitable合适的； bike from France to Poland从法国骑车到波兰，这是要求极高的 ， 故答案为C。

（17）考查副词辨析。句意：因为在所有的骑车之后我很累，需要能量补充，所以我不得不快点得到食物。A. again又；B. alone独自；C. later后来；D. fast快。根据下文说after all the biking I am tired可知我不

得不快点得到食物 。故答案为D。

（18）考查名词辨析。句意：因为在所有的骑车之后我很累，需要能量补充，所以我不得不快点得到食物。A. spirit精神；B. energy能量；C. time时间；D. effort努力。因为骑行后身体疲劳，需要补充能量，故答案为B。

（19）考查名词辨析。句意：我的胃是饱的还是空的？那是最重要的事情，而不是我正在吃什么。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket篮子。根据下文说吃东西，可知此处是指胃饱还是空，故答案为A。

（20）考查动词辨析。句意：他的目标是在七月中旬完成他的旅程。A. arrange安排；B. restart重新开始；C. report报道；D. finish完成。根据文章第二段 is biking across Europe 可知这段旅行还在进行，预计七月中旬完成，故答案为D。

【点评】这是一篇记叙文。答题前首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一 时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。

六、语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）

16.【答案】 has/will have；the；that/which；cycling；easily；to；improved；to wear；connection/connections；traditional 【考点】语法填空

【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，谈论校服的诸多好处。虽然一些学校开始废除校服，但是校服还是很受欢迎。

（1）考查时态。句意：如果学校里的每个孩子都穿着校服，就不会有人担心时尚了。根据从句中的wears可知此处用一般现在时或现在完成时，故答案为has或will have。

（2）考查冠词。句意：每个月都穿着同样风格的衣服。the same是固定搭配，故答案为the。

（3）考查定语从句。句意：在夹克的边沿，有一块能够在黑暗中发光的布。此处是定语从句，修饰先行词cloth，关系词同时在从句中作主语，故答案为which或that。

（4）考查分词。句意：但孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或者骑车去学校时，汽车司机可以轻易地看见他们。由or可知前后是平行结构，此处与walking并列，故答案为cycling。

（5）考查副词。句意：但孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或者骑车去学校时，汽车司机可以轻易地看见他们。此处修饰动词see，所以用副词，故答案为easily。

（6）考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案并不明确。the answer to this question，这个问题的答案，是固定搭配，故答案为to。

（7）考查动词的时态。句意：美国的一个研究发现在学校尝试了制服之后，学生们的成绩有了一点提高。根据句中的其他动词found、introduced可知此处用一般过去式，故答案为improved。

（8）考查动词不定式。句意：但是一些学校不想穿制服。want to do sth想做某事。故答案为to wear。 （9）考查词性转换。句意：其他的美国研究表明制服和学校表现之前没有联系。此处位于no之后，作show的宾语，所以用名词，故答案为connection。

（10）考查词性转换。句意：校服在英语是传统的，但是一些学校开始抛弃它们。be+形容词，构成系表结构。故答案为traditional。

【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。

七、书面表达（满分40分） 17.【答案】 暂未更新 【考点】文字式应用文

【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。本文要求以李华的身份给将要回国的经常帮助自己的朋友Alex写一封邮件。写作前注意审题，弄清体裁；然后列出具体要点：1、问候语以及写邮件的目的；2、对他的

帮助表示感谢；3 回顾Alex的帮助。4、 临别祝愿 。5、结束语。写作时注意要点全面、字迹工整、卷面整洁。本文多用一般过去时和一般将来时。注意使用多样的语法结构和高级的词汇。

【点评】考查电子邮件的写作。写此类文章注意开头要开门见山，直奔主题。表达要点是注意长短句的合理搭配，尽量使用非谓语、被动语态、倒装、定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。注意句子与句子之间的连贯。

18.【答案】 暂未更新

【考点】其他作文，半开放性作文

【解析】【分析】这是一篇读后续写，要求根据所给短文内容写一篇内容概要。首先要通读全文，了解文章大意：本文介绍如何表扬孩子，表扬什么程度，应该有什么样的频率等。其次了解每段的段落大意，掌握每段话的主要内容，总结文章的中心思想，接着下笔写文，将文章的主要内容和中心思想用自己的话表达出来，注意字数不少于60，表达要流畅，用词要准确。

【点评】考查内容概要类写作。写作时要注意概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。其次必须安排好篇幅的比例，重要内容着墨较多，相对简单或者不重要的内容一笔带过即可。注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。尽量用自己的话进行表达，不要照搬原文的句子。